中国经典诗文集-唐诗三百首（汉英）（新）

丛书译者为许渊冲先生，其从事翻译工作70年，2010年12月荣获“中国翻译文化终身成就奖”；2014年8月荣获由国际译联颁发的文学翻译领域*奖项——“北极光”杰出文学翻译奖，成为首位获该奖的亚洲翻译家。经许先生的妙手，许多中国经典诗文被译成出色的英文韵语。这套汉英对照版“许译中国经典诗文集”荟萃许先生*代表性的英文译作14种，汉语部分采用中华书局版本。这些作品包括多种体裁，上起先秦，下至清代，既是联接所有中国人思想、情感的文化纽带，也是中国文化走向世界的重要桥梁。阅读和了解这些作品，即可尽览中国文化的“源头活水”。相信这套许氏译本能使英语读者分享孔子、老子的智慧，分享唐诗、宋词、中国古典戏曲的优美，并以此促进东西方文化的交流。2015年2月2日，由中国出版协会举办的第五届中华优秀出版物奖在京揭晓， “许译中国经典诗文集”（汉英对照）（14册）荣获“提名奖”。

许渊冲–诗译英法*人 ，北京大学教授，翻译家。希望这套许氏译本能使英语读者对中国经典诗文也能“知之，好之，乐之”，能够分享孔子、老子的智慧，分享唐诗、宋词、中国古典戏曲的优美，并以此促进东西文化的交流。值得珍藏。许渊冲先生从事翻译工作70年，2010年12月荣获“中国翻译文化终身成就奖”。他被称为将中国诗词译成英法韵文的*专家，经他的妙手，许多中国经典诗文被译成出色的英文和法文韵语。这套“中国经典诗文集”就是由他所译，前半部分是英文，后半部分是中文。

Contents目 录PrefaceYu ShinanTo the CicadaTo the FireflyKong Shao’anFalling LeavesWang JiThe WineshopA Field ViewHan ShanLong, Long the Pathway to Cold HillShangguan YiEarly Spring in Laurel PalaceWang BoFarewell to Prefect DuPrince Teng’s PavilionYang JiongI would Rather FightLuo BinwangThe Cicada Heard in PrisonWei ChengqingParting with my Younger BrotherSong ZhiwenCrossing River HanShen QuanqiThe Garrison at Yellow Dragon TownHe ZhizhangThe WillowHome-comingChen Zi’angOn the Tower at YouzhouParting Gift序虞世南蝉咏萤孔绍安落叶王绩过酒家野望寒山杳杳寒山道上官仪早春桂林殿应诏王勃送杜少府之任蜀州滕王阁诗杨炯从军行骆宾王在狱咏蝉韦承庆南行别弟宋之问渡汉江沈佺期杂诗贺知章咏柳回乡偶书二首陈子昂登幽州台歌送东莱王学士无竞

PrefaceIt is said that the 21st century will be an age of globalization. The new generation worthy of the new age should be bred not only in its national culture but also in the global culture. Therefore, each nation should try to globalize its culture, in other words, to make its culture known to the world and become a part of the global culture so as to make it more brilliant.If the 20th century may be said to be an American age, then the 19th was a British age and the 18th a French one. If we go further back, we may say that the 7th–13th centuries were Chinese ages, for during the Tang and the Song dynasties (618– 1279), China was the most advanced country in the world, so far as political system, economic development and artistic and literary culture are concerned.How did the Tang and the Song attain the highest development in the world during six hundred years? The answer may be summed up in two words, that is, the reign of “rite and music.” According to professon Y. L. Feng, music imitates the harmony of nature and rite imitates the order of the universe. Rite is instituted to secure the mean in man’s desire, and music, including poetry, to secure the mean in man’s sentiment. Music is benevolence concretized and rite is justice externalized. If a state is governed with rite and music, its people will be just and benevolent, and the world will be peaceful and happy. That is one of the reasons why China has been standing among the great nations for thousands of years.Emperor Xuan Zong (685–762) who reigned at the zenith of the Tang Dynasty enjoyed the highest economic and cultural prosperity when his government promoted the performance of rite and music. This may be seen from the first two verses he wrote when he offered sacrifice to Confucius in his temple:How much have you done, O, my sage,All for the good of all the age!This shows how much he worshipped Confucius and admired his wisdom. He followed Confucius in imitation of the order of the universe and provided conditions to make the performance of rite and music possible.Hence, Tang poetry has become a gem of traditional Chinese literature, As early as 1898, Herbert A Giles published his rhymed translations of Tang poems, of which Lytton Stratchey said, “the poetry is it is the best that this generation has known,” and that it “holds a unique place in the literature of the world” “through its mastery of the tones and depths of affection.” Later, Arthur Waley said in his translations from the Chinese, “If one uses thyme, it is impossible not to sacrifice sense to sound,” and he translated Tang poems into free verse. Thus began the controversy between rhymed version and free version in the translation of Chinese poetry. Generally speaking, the free translation emphasizes faithfulness to the original while the rhymed version, the beauty of the translated verse. Therefore, the controversy between these two types of translation may be said to be contradiction or conflict between faithfulness or truth and beauty. This controversy has lasted for a century. For instance, we may read the following versions of Li Bai’s Farewell to a Friend. The first version is a word for word transliteration, the second is more faithful to the original in word while the third is more beautiful and poetical than the second.序21世纪是全球化的世纪。新世纪的新人不但应该了解全球的文化，而且应该使本国文化走向世界，成为全球文化的一部分，使世界文化更加灿烂辉煌。如果说20世纪是美国世纪的话，那么，19世纪可以说是英国世纪，18世纪则是法国世纪。再推上去，自7世纪至13世纪，则可以说是中国世纪或唐宋世纪，因为中国在唐宋六百年间，政治制度先进，经济繁荣，文化发达，是全世界其他国家难以企及的。唐代的全盛时期可以说是“礼乐”治国的盛世。根据冯友兰先生的解释，“礼”模仿自然外在的秩序，“乐”模仿自然内在的和谐；“礼”可以养性，“乐”可以怡情；“礼”是“义”的外化，“乐”是“仁”的外化；做人要重“仁义”，治国要重“礼乐”。这是中国屹立于文明世界几千年不衰的重要原因。就以唐玄宗而论，他去泰山时祭奠了孔子，写下了《经鲁祭孔子而叹之》的五言律诗，可见他对礼教的尊重，对士人的推崇。因此，唐代文化昌盛，诗人辈出，唐诗成了中国文化的瑰宝。不但是在中国，就是在全世界，正如诺贝尔文学奖评奖委员会主席埃斯普马克说的：“世界上哪些作品能与中国的唐诗和《红楼梦》相比的呢？”（《诺贝尔文学奖内幕》306页）早在19世纪末期，英国汉学家翟理斯(Giles)曾把唐诗译成韵文，得到评论家的好评，如英国作家斯特莱彻(Strachey)说：翟译唐诗是那个时代好的诗，在世界文学史上占有独一无二的地位。但20世纪初期英国汉学家韦利(Waley)认为译诗用韵不可能不因声损义，因此他把唐诗译成自由诗或散体，这就开始了唐诗翻译史上的诗体与散体之争。一般说来，散体译文重真，诗体译文重美，所以散体与诗体之争也可以升华为真与美的矛盾。唐诗英译真与美之争一直延续到了今天。例如李白的《送友人》就有两种不同的译法，现将原诗和两种译文抄录于下：

Du XunheA WIDOW LIVING IN THE MOUNTAINSHer husband killed in war, she lives in a thatched hut,Wearing coarse hemper clothes and a flaxen hair.She should pay taxes though down mulberries were cut,And before harvest though fields and gardens lie bare.She has to eat wild herbs together with their root,And burn as fuel leafy branches from the trees.However deep she hides in mountains as a brute,From oppressive taxes she can never be free.杜荀鹤山中寡妇夫因兵死守蓬茅，麻苎衣衫鬓发焦。桑柘废来犹纳税，田园荒后尚征苗。时挑野菜和根煮，旋斫生柴带叶烧。任是深山更深处，也应无计避征徭。Huang ChaoTO THE CHRYSANTHEMUMIn soughing western wind you blossom far and nigh;Your fragrance is too cold to invite butterfly.Some day if I as Lord of Spring come into power,I’d order you to bloom together with peach flower.THE CHRYSANTHEMUMWhen autumn comes, the mountain-climbing day is nigh;My flower blows when other blooms come to an end.In battle array my fragrance rises sky-high;The capital with my golden armour will blend.黄巢题菊花飒飒西风满院栽，蕊寒香冷蝶难来。他年我若为青帝，报与桃花一处开。菊花待到秋来九月八，我花开后百花杀。冲天香阵透长安，满城尽带黄金甲。Wang JiaA SPRING FEASTThe paddy crops wax rich at the foot of Goose-lake Hill;Door half closed, pigs in sty and fowls in cage are still.The shade of mulberries lengthens, the feast is o’er,All drunken villagers are helped back to their door.AFTER THE RAINBefore the rain I still see blooming flowers;Only green leaves are left after the showers.Over the wall pass butterflies and bees;I wonder if spring’s in my neighbor’s trees.王驾社日鹅湖山下稻粱肥，豚栅鸡栖半掩扉。桑柘影斜春社散，家家扶得醉人归。王驾雨晴雨前初见花间蕊，雨后全无叶底花。蜂蝶纷纷过墙去，却疑春色在邻家。