Introduction to Sustainable Sanitation Systems(生态卫生排水技术)

Our society’s influence othe natural world’s resources， which has beespurred oby economic growth， urbanizatioand aever-increasing population， has never beemore prominent or problematic thait is today. Iaddition， the problems raised by the decreasing quality and quantity of fresh water resources are being increasingly serious. The water crisis is ipart a direct result of the failure of the current sanitatioparadigm. Conventional on-site sanitatiosystems such as pit latrines and flush toilets have beeused for centuries at the household level， which for the most part cannot meet the requirements of hygiene， environmental protection， or resource recovery. Sewered sanitatiowith flush toilets， established ithe era of Europeaurbanizatioithe 1870s， has beewidely accepted as the solutioto this issue.However， there is little discussioabout its core problems， which result ihealth and environmental issues around the world. Alternative new solutions， i.e. ecological sanitatioconcepts with more of a focus osource separatioand recycling， besides hygiene and environmental protection， are emerging and being implemented iboth developed and developing countries. This method shows great potential for promoting environmental and ecological sustainable development.
　　This book introduces students to ecological sanitatioconcepts which cahelp them build the required capacity to tailor solutions to local needs related to the sustainable provisioof safe sanitatioand resource recycling.

Introduction
1．1 Lack of access to safe drinking water and improved sanitatiofacilities
1．2 Defects of conventional sanitatiosystems
1．3 Objective of ecological sanitatioapproaches

2 Millennium Development Goals （MDGs）and Post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals （SDGs）
2．1 Millennium Development Goals （MDGs）
2．2 Key terms iterms of water and sanitatio（WHO/UNICEF JMP）
2．3 China’s progress towards target 7c of the MDGs

3 Environmental Health Aspects of Water and Sanitation
3．1 Excreta related pathogens and disease
3．2 Diarrhoeal disease

4 Conventional SanitatioSystems
4．1 On-site sanitary systems
4．2 Water-borne sewer systems
……
5 Ecological SanitatioConcepts （Ecosan）
6 SanitatioFacility-toilets
7 Collectioand Storage/Treatment Units
8 Sewer System
9 Characteristics of Greywater
10 Greywater Treatment
11 DisinfectioTechnology of Effluent
12 Urine Treatment
13 Faecal Sludge Treatment
14 Tools for the planning and implementatioof ecological sanitatioprojects．