机械电子学：机械和电气工程中的电子控制系统（英文版 第6版）

本书深入阐述了机械电子学的原理，为形成一种真正的跨学科和综合的工程方法提供了一个思维框架。本书更新到第6版，增加了Arduino开源电子原型平台，Arduino的编程语言，机器人系统等。

威廉·博尔顿（William Bolton）曾担任英国商业与技术委员会（BTEC）继续教育的顾问以及研发和监控的负责人，他编著了多部成功的工程教科书，包括《Mechatronics》《Engineering Science》《Higher Engineering Science》《Mechanical Science》《Instrumentation and Control Systems》等，被国外各大学广泛采用，获得了很好的反响。

Preface xi
I. Introduction 1
1. Introducing mechatronics 3
chapter objectives 3
1.1 What is mechatronics? 3
1.2 the design process 5
1.3 systems 6
1.4 Measurement systems 8
1.5 control systems 9
1.6 Programmable logic controller 21
1.7 examples of mechatronic systems 22
summary 25
Problems 26
II. Sensors and signal conditioning 27
2. Sensors and transducers 29
chapter objectives 29
2.1 sensors and transducers 29
2.2 Performance terminology 30
2.3 Displacement, position and proximity 35
2.4 Velocity and motion 46
2.5 Force 49 2.6
Fluid pressure 50
2.7 Liquid flow 54
2.8 Liquid level 55
2.9 temperature 56
2.10 Light sensors 61
2.11 selection of sensors 62
2.12 inputting data by switches 63
summary 65
Problems 66
3. Signal conditioning 69
chapter objectives 69
3.1 signal conditioning 69
3.2 the operational amplifier 70
3.3 Protection 81
3.4 Filtering 83
3.5 Wheatstone bridge 84
3.6 Pulse modulation 88
3.7 Problems with signals 89
3.8 Power transfer 92
summary 92
Problems 93
4. Digital signals 95
chapter objectives 95
4.1 Digital signals 95
4.2 analogue and digital signals 95
4.3 Digital-to-analogue and analogue-to-digital converters 99
4.4 Multiplexers 105
4.5 Data acquisition 106
4.6 Digital signal processing 109
summary 110
Problems 110
5. Digital logic 112
chapter objectives 112
5.1 Digital logic 112
5.2 Logic gates 113
5.3 applications of logic gates 120
5.4 sequential logic 126
summary 133
Problems 133
6. Data presentation systems 136
chapter objectives 136
6.1 Displays 136
6.2 Data presentation elements 137
6.3 Magnetic recording 142
6.4 optical recording 146
6.5 Displays 147
6.6 Data acquisition systems 151
6.7 Measurement systems 155
6.8 testing and calibration 158
summary 160
Problems 160
III. Actuation 163
7. Pneumatic and hydraulic actuation systems 165
chapter objectives 165
7.1 actuation systems 165
7.2 Pneumatic and hydraulic systems 165
7.3 Directional control valves 169
7.4 Pressure control valves 173
7.5 cylinders 175
7.6 servo and proportional control valves 178
7.7 Process control valves 180
7.8 rotary actuators 185
summary 186
Problems 186
8. Mechanical actuation systems 188
chapter objectives 188
8.1 Mechanical systems 188
8.2 types of motion 189
8.3 Kinematic chains 191
8.4 cams 194
8.5 Gears 196
8.6 ratchet and pawl 200
8.7 Belt and chain drives 200
8.8 Bearings 202
summary 204
Problems 205
9. Electrical actuation systems 207
chapter objectives 207
9.1 electrical systems 207
9.2 Mechanical switches 207
9.3 solid-state switches 209
9.4 solenoids 215
9.5 Direct current motors 217
9.6 alternating current motors 225
9.7 stepper motors 227
9.8 Motor selection 234
summary 237
Problems 237
IV. Microprocessor systems 239
10. Microprocessors and microcontrollers 241
chapter objectives 241
10.1 control 241
10.2 Microprocessor systems 241
10.3 Microcontrollers 253
10.4 applications 272
10.5 Programming 274
summary 277
Problems 277
11. Assembly language 278
chapter objective 278
11.1 Languages 278
11.2 instruction sets 279
11.3 assembly language programs 285
11.4 subroutines 290
11.5 Look-up tables 293
11.6 embedded systems 296
summary 300
Problems 300
12. C language 302
chapter objectives 302
12.1 Why c? 302
12.2 Program structure 302
12.3 Branches and loops 309
12.4 arrays 313
12.5 Pointers 315
12.6 Program development 316
12.7 examples of programs 317
12.8 arduino programs 320
summary 323
Problems 324
13. Input/output systems 326
chapter objectives 326
13.1 interfacing 326
13.2 input/output addressing 326
13.3 interface requirements 329
13.4 Peripheral interface adapters 336
13.5 serial communica

The term mechatronics was ‘invented’ by a Japanese engineer in 1969, as a combination of ‘mecha’ from mechanisms and ‘tronics’ from electronics. the word now has a wider meaning, being used to describe a philosophy in engineering technology in which there is a co-ordinated, and concurrently developed, integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in the design and manufacture of products and processes. as a result, many products which used to have mechanical functions have had many replaced with ones involving microprocessors. this has resulted in much greater flexibility, easier redesign and reprogramming, and the ability to carry out automated data collection and reporting. a consequence of this approach is the need for engineers and technicians to adopt an interdisciplinary and integrated approach to engineering. thus engineers and technicians need skills and knowledge that are not confined to a single subject area. they need to be capable of operating and communicating across a range of engineering disciplines and linking with those having more specialised skills. this book is an attempt to provide a basic background to mechatronics and provide links through to more specialised skills. the first edition was designed to cover the Business and technology education council (Btec) Mechatronics units for higher national certificate/Diploma courses for technicians and designed to fit alongside more specialist units such as those for design, manufacture and maintenance determined by the application area of the course. the book was widely used for such courses and has also found use in undergraduate courses in both Britain and in the United states. Following feedback from lecturers in both Britain and the United states, the second edition was considerably extended and with its extra depth it was not only still relevant for its original readership but also suitable for undergraduate courses. the third edition involved refinements of some explanations, more discussion of microcontrollers and programming, increased use of models for mechatronics systems, and the grouping together of key facts in the appendices. the fourth edition was a complete reconsideration of all aspects of the text, both layout and content, with some regrouping of topics, movement of more material into appendices to avoid disrupting the flow of the text, new material – in particular an introduction to artificial intelligence, more case studies and a refinement of some topics to improve clarity. also, objectives and key point summaries were included with each chapter. the fifth edition kept the same structure but, after consultation with many users of the book, many aspects had extra detail and refinement added.
The sixth edition has involved a restructuring of the constituent parts of the book as some users felt that the chapter sequencing did not match the general teaching sequence. thus the new edition has involved moving the system models part so that it comes after microprocessor systems. other changes include the inclusion of material on arduino and the addition of more topics in the Mechatronics systems chapter.the overall aim of the book is to give a comprehensive coverage of mechatronics which can be used with courses for both technicians and undergraduates in engineering and, hence, to help the reader:
·acquire a mix of skills in mechanical engineering, electronics and computing which is necessary if he/she is to be able to comprehend and design mechatronics systems;
·become capable of operating and communicating across the range of engineering disciplines necessary in mechatronics;
·be capable of designing mechatronic systems.
each chapter of the book includes objectives, and a summary, is copiously illustrated and contains problems, answers to which are supplied at the end of the book. chapter 24 comprises research and design assignments together with clues as to their possible answers.
the structure of the book is:
·Chapter 1 is a general introduction to mechatronics;
·Chapt