叔本华论人生（英文版）

　　叔本华早年受惠于东方神秘主义哲学，特立独行，从根本上扭转r自柏拉图乃至康德等经典哲学家对世界的认识，见出人生的荒诞与丑怪，尽管我们由此失去了传统意义上温馨的、合于理式的宇宙，但叔本华标举人类所独有的意志，认为意志独立于时间与空间，人类只有在音乐、文学、艺术等审美活动才能获得解脱，这一观念在很大程度上塑造了尼采、柏格森、托尔斯泰、博尔赫斯等一大批思想家、文学家，直接开启弗洛伊德精神分析学派，影响所及，虽爱因斯坦、薛定谔等世界一流的物理学家亦不能免。
　　叔本华属于一身而兼有思辨与辞采的诗性哲学家，故而其著作在学界和一般大众中均具有广泛的读者。本书选取《人生的智慧》和《论人性》两部著作，是作者有关人生理论的菁华所在。

　　AMONG 19th century philosophers， Arthur Schopenhauer was amongthe first to contend that at its core， the universe is not arational place.
　　Schopenhauer developed an instinct-recognizing and ultimatelyascetic outlook， emphasizing that in the face of a world Filledwith endless strife， we ought to minimize our natural desires toachieve a more tranquil frame of mind and a disposition towardsuniversal beneficence.
　　Since his death in 1860， his philosophy has had a specialattraction for those who wonder about life’s meaning， along withthose engaged in music，literature， and the visual arts.

　　ARTHUR SCHOPENHAURER（1788-1860） was a German philosopher knownfor his pessimism and philosophical clarity. At age 25， hepublished his doctoral dissertation， On the Fourfold Root of thePrinciple of Sufficient Reason， which examined the four separatemanifestations of reason in the phenomenal world.
　　Schopenhauer’s metaphysical analysis of will， his views on humanmotivation and desire， and his aphoristic writing style influencedmany well-known thinkers including Friedrich Nietzsche，Richard
　　Wagner， Ludwig Wittgenstein， Erwin Schrodinger， Albert Einstein，Sigmund Freud， Otto Rank， Carl Gustav Jung， Leo Tolstoy， and JorgeLuis Borges.

THE WISDOM OF LIFE
PRELIMINARY
BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
ON AUTHORSHIP AND STYLE
ON NOISE
ON READING AND BOOKS
THE EMPTINESS OF EXISTENCE
ON WOMEN
THINKING FOR ONESELF
SHORT DIALOGUE ON THE INDESTRUCTIBILITY
OF OUR TRUE BEING BY DEATH
RELIGION
PSYCHOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
METAPHYSICS OF LOVE
PHYSIOGNOMY
ON SUICIDE
TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE
HUMAN NATURE
GOVERNMENT
FREE-WILL AND FATALISM
CHARACTER
MORAL INSTINCT　
ETHICAL REFLECTIONS