计算机网络（英文版·第5版）

全球**有权威性和经典性的计算机网络教材
作者Andrew S. Tanenbaum是国际知名的计算机科学家

更多经典图书：

Andrew S. Tanenbaum国际知名的计算机科学家，著名的技术作家、教育家和研究者，ACM和IEEE两会高级会员，荷兰皇家艺术和科学院院士，荷兰阿姆斯特丹Vrije大学计算机科学系教授。他讲授计算机网络、操作系统和计算机组成等课程30多年，教学成果卓著，其所著的多部计算机科学方面的教材已成为该领域内的范本，得到学术界和教育界的广泛认可，多次获得ACM及其他学术组织颁发的各项荣誉，包括1994年ACMKarl V.Karlstrom杰出教育奖、1997年ACM计算机科学教育杰出贡献奖、2002年Texty****教材奖、第10届ACM操作系统原理研讨会杰出论文奖等，他还入选了《世界名人录》。
David J. Wetherall拥有美国麻省理工学院计算机科学博士学位，现为华盛顿大学西雅图分校计算机科学与工程系副教授。他的研究领域是网络系统，尤其是无线网络和移动计算、网络测量和Internet协议的设计、隐私和安全。

about the authors
1 introduction
　1.1 uses of computer networks,
　　1.1.1 business applications,
　　1.1.2 home applications,
　　1.1.3 mobile users,
　　1.1.4 social issues,
　1.2 network hardware,
　　1.2.1 personal area networks,
　　1.2.2 local area networks,
　　1.2.3 metropolitan area networks,
　　1.2.4 wide area networks,
　　1.2.5 internetworks,
　1.3 network software,
　　1.3.1 protocol hierarchies,
　　1.3.2 design issues for the layers,
　　1.3.3 connection-oriented versus connectionless service,
　　1.3.4 service primitives,
　　1.3.5 the relationship of services to protocols,
　1.4 reference models,
　　1.4.1 the osi reference model,
　　1.4.2 the tcp/ip reference model,
　　1.4.3 the model used in this book,
　　1.4.4 a comparison of the osi and tcp/ip reference models,
　　1.4.5 a critique of the osi model and protocols,
　　1.4.6 a critique of the tcp/ip reference model,
　1.5 example networks,
　　1.5.1 the internet,
　　1.5.2 third-generation mobile phone networks,
　　1.5.3 wireless lans: 802.11,
　　1.5.4 rfid and sensor networks,
　1.6 network standardization,
　　1.6.1 who’s who in the telecommunications world,
　　1.6.2 who’s who in the international standards world,
　　1.6.3 who’s who in the internet standards world,
　1.7 metric units,
　1.8 outline of the rest of the book,
　1.9 summary,
2 the physical layer
　2.1 the theoretical basis for data communication,
　　2.1.1 fourier analysis,
　　2.1.2 bandwidth-limited signals,
　　2.1.3 the maximum data rate of a channel,
　2.2 guided transmission media,
　　2.2.1 magnetic media,
　　2.2.2 twisted pairs,
　　2.2.3 coaxial cable,
　　2.2.4 power lines,
　　2.2.5 fiber optics,
　2.3 wireless transmission,
　　2.3.1 the electromagnetic spectrum,
　　2.3.2 radio transmission,
　　2.3.3 microwave transmission,
　　2.3.4 infrared transmission,
　　2.3.5 light transmission,
　　contents?
　2.4 communication satellites,
　　2.4.1 geostationary satellites,
　　2.4.2 medium-earth orbit satellites,
　　2.4.3 low-earth orbit satellites,
　　2.4.4 satellites versus fiber,
　2.5 digital modulation and multiplexing,
　　2.5.1 baseband transmission,
　　2.5.2 passband transmission,
　　2.5.3 frequency division multiplexing,
　　2.5.4 time division multiplexing,
　　2.5.5 code division multiplexing,
　2.6 the public switched telephone network,
　　2.6.1 structure of the telephone system,
　　2.6.2 the politics of telephones,
　　2.6.3 the local loop: modems, adsl, and fiber,
　　2.6.4 trunks and multiplexing,
　　2.6.5 switching,
　2.7 the mobile telephone system,
　　2.7.1 first-generation (1g) mobile phones: analog voice,
　　2.7.2 second-generation (2g) mobile phones: digital voice,
　　2.7.3 third-generation (3g) mobile phones: digital voice anddata,
　　2.8 cable television,
　2.8.1 community antenna television,
　　2.8.2 internet over cable,
　　2.8.3 spectrum allocation,
　　2.8.4 cable modems,
　　2.8.5 adsl versus cable,
　2.9 summary,
3 the data link layer
　3.1 data link layer design issues,
　　3.1.1 services provided to the network layer,
　　3.1.2 framing,
　　3.1.3 error control,
　　3.1.4 flow control,
　3.2 error detection and correction,
　　3.2.1 error-correcting codes,
　　3.2.2 error-detecting codes,
　　3.3 elementary data link protocols,
　　3.3.1 a utopian simplex protocol,
　3.3.2 a simplex stop-and-wait protocol for an error-freechannel,
　　3.3.3 a simplex stop-and-wait protocol for a noisy channel,
　3.4 sliding window protocols,
　　3.4.1 a one-bit sliding window protocol,
　　3.4.2 a protocol using go-back-n,
　　3.4.3 a protocol using selective repeat,
　3.5 example data link protocols,
　　3.5.1 packet over sonet,
　　3.5.2 adsl (asymmetric digital subscriber loop),
　　3.6 summary,
4 the medium access control sublayer
　4.1 the channel allocation problem,
　　4.1.1 static channel allocation,
　　4.1.2 assumptions for dynamic channel allocation,
　4.2 multiple access protocols,
　　4.2.1 aloha,
　　4.2.2 carrier sense multiple access protocols,
　　4.2.3 collision-free protocols,
　　4.2.4 limited-contention protocols,
　　4.2.5 wireless lan protocols,
　4.3 ethernet,
　　4.3.1 classic ethernet physical layer,
　　4.3.2 classic ethernet mac sublayer protocol,
　　4.3.3 ethernet performance,
　　4.3.4 switched ethernet,
　　4.4.4 the 802.11 frame structure,
　　4.4.5 services,
　4.5 broadband wireless,
　　4.5.1 comparison of 802.16 with 802.11 and 3g,
　　4.5.2 the 802.16 architecture and protocol stack,
　　4.5.3 the 802.16 physical layer,
　　4.5.4 the 802.16 mac sublayer protocol,
　　4.5.5 the 802.16 frame structure,
　4.6 bluetooth,
　　4.6.1 bluetooth architecture,
　　4.6.2 bluetooth applications,
　　4.6.3 the bluetooth protocol stack,
　　4.6.4 the bluetooth radio layer,
　　4.6.5 the bluetooth link layers,
　　4.6.6 the bluetooth frame structure,
　4.7 rfid,
　　4.7.1 epc gen 2 architecture,
　　4.7.2 epc gen 2 physical layer,
　　4.7.3 epc gen 2 tag identification layer,
　　4.7.4 tag identification message formats,
　4.8 data link layer switching,
　　4.8.1 uses of bridges,
　　4.8.2 learning bridges,
　　4.8.3 spanning tree bridges,
　　4.8.4 repeaters, hubs, bridges, switches, routers, andgateways,
　　4.8.5 virtual lans,
　4.9 summary,
5 the network layer
　5.1 network layer design issues,
　　5.1.1 store-and-forward packet switching,
　　5.1.2 services provided to the transport layer,
　　5.1.3 implementation of connectionless service,
　　5.1.4 implementation of connection-oriented service,
　　5.1.5 comparison of virtual-circuit and datagram networks,
　5.2 routing algorithms,
　　5.2.1 the optimality principle,
　　5.2.2 shortest path algorithm,
　　5.2.3 flooding,
　　5.2.4 distance vector routing,
　　5.2.5 link state routing,
　　5.2.6 hierarchical routing,
　　5.2.7 broadcast routing,
　　5.2.8 multicast routing,
　　5.2.9 anycast routing,
　　5.2.10 routing for mobile hosts,
　　5.2.11 routing in ad hoc networks,
　5.3 congestion control algorithms,
　　5.3.1 approaches to congestion control,
　　5.3.2 traffic-aware routing,
　　5.3.3 admission control,
　　5.3.4 traffic throttling,
　　5.3.5 load shedding,
　5.4 quality of service,
　　5.4.1 application requirements,
　　5.4.2 traffic shaping,
　　5.4.3 packet scheduling,
　　5.4.4 admission control,
　　5.4.5 integrated services,
　　5.4.6 differentiated services,
　5.5 internetworking,
　　5.5.1 how networks differ,
　　5.5.2 how networks can be connected,
　　5.5.3 tunneling,
　　5.5.4 internetwork routing,
　　5.5.5 packet fragmentation,
　5.6 the network layer in the internet,
　　5.6.1 the ip version 4 protocol,
　　5.6.2 ip addresses,
　　5.6.3 ip version 6,
　　5.6.4 internet control protocols,
　　5.6.5 label switching and mpls,
　　5.6.6 ospf—an interior gateway routing protocol,
　　5.6.7 bgp—the exterior gateway routing protocol,
　　5.6.8 internet multicasting,
　　5.6.9 mobile ip,
　5.7 summary,
6 the transport layer
　6.1 the transport service,
　　6.1.1 services provided to the upper layers,
　　6.1.2 transport service primitives,
　　6.1.3 berkeley sockets,
　　6.1.4 an example of socket programming: an internet fileserver,
　6.2 elements of transport protocols,
　　6.2.1 addressing,
　　6.2.2 connection establishment,
　　6.2.3 connection release,
　　6.2.4 error control and flow control,
　　6.2.5 multiplexing,
　　6.2.6 crash recovery,
　6.3 congestion control,
　　6.3.1 desirable bandwidth allocation,
　　6.3.2 regulating the sending rate,
　　6.3.3 wireless issues,
　6.4 the internet transport protocols: udp,
　　6.4.1 introduction to udp,
　　6.4.2 remote procedure call,
　　6.4.3 real-time transport protocols,
　6.5 the internet transport protocols: tcp, 
　　6.5.1 introduction to tcp, 
　　6.5.2 the tcp service model, 
　　6.5.3 the tcp protocol, 
　　6.5.4 the tcp segment header, 
　　6.5.5 tcp connection establishment, 
　　6.5.6 tcp connection release, 
　　6.5.7 tcp connection management modeling, 
　　6.5.8 tcp sliding window, 
　　6.5.9 tcp timer management, 
　　6.5.10 tcp congestion control, 
　　6.5.11 the future of tcp, 
　6.6 performance issues, 
　　6.6.1 performance problems in computer networks, 
　　6.6.2 network performance measurement, 
　　6.6.3 host design for fast networks, 
　　6.6.4 fast segment processing, 
　　6.6.5 header compression, 
　　6.6.6 protocols for long fat networks,
　6.7 delay-tolerant networking,
　　6.7.1 dtn architecture,
　　6.7.2 the bundle protocol,
　6.8 summary,
7 the application layer
　7.1 dns—the domain name system,
　　7.1.1 the dns name space,
　　7.1.2 domain resource records,
　　7.1.3 name servers,
　7.2 electronic mail,
　　7.2.1 architecture and services,
　　7.2.2 the user agent,
　　7.2.3 message formats,
　　7.2.4 message transfer,
　　7.2.5 final delivery,
　7.3 the world wide web,
　　7.3.1 architectural overview,
　　7.3.2 static web pages,
　　7.3.3 dynamic web pages and web applications,
　　7.3.4 http—the hypertext transfer protocol,
　　7.3.5 the mobile web,
　　7.3.6 web search,
　7.4 streaming audio and video,
　　7.4.1 digital audio,
　　7.4.2 digital video,
　　7.4.3 streaming stored media,
　　7.4.4 streaming live media,
　　7.4.5 real-time conferencing,
　7.5 content delivery,
　　7.5.1 content and internet traffic,
　　7.5.2 server farms and web proxies,
　　7.5.3 content delivery networks,
　　7.5.4 peer-to-peer networks,
　7.6 summary,
8 network security
　8.1 cryptography,
　　8.1.1 introduction to cryptography,
　　8.1.2 substitution ciphers,
　　8.1.3 transposition ciphers,
　　8.1.4 one-time pads,
　　8.1.5 two fundamental cryptographic principles,
　8.2 symmetric-key algorithms,
　　8.2.1 des—the data encryption standard,
　　8.2.2 aes—the advanced encryption standard,
　　8.2.3 cipher modes,
　　8.2.4 other ciphers,
　　8.2.5 cryptanalysis,
　　20?contents
　8.3 public-key algorithms,
　　8.3.1 rsa,
　　8.3.2 other public-key algorithms,
　8.4 digital signatures,
　　8.4.1 symmetric-key signatures,
　　8.4.2 public-key signatures,
　　8.4.3 message digests,
　　8.4.4 the birthday attack,
　8.5 management of public keys,
　　8.5.1 certificates,
　　8.5.2 x.509,
　　8.5.3 public key infrastructures,
　8.6 communication security,
　　8.6.1 ipsec,
　　8.6.2 firewalls,
　　8.6.3 virtual private networks,
　　8.6.4 wireless security,
　8.7 authentication protocols,
　　8.7.1 authentication based on a shared secret key,
　　8.7.2 establishing a shared key: the diffie-hellman keyexchange,
　　8.7.3 authentication using a key distribution center,
　　8.7.4 authentication using kerberos,
　　8.7.5 authentication using public-key cryptography,
　8.8 email security,
　　8.8.1 pgp—pretty good privacy,
　　8.8.2 s/mime,
　8.9 web security,
　　8.9.1 threats,
　　8.9.2 secure naming,
　　8.9.3 ssl—the secure sockets layer,
　　8.9.4 mobile code security,
　8.10 social issues,
　　8.10.1 privacy,
　　8.10.2 freedom of speech,
　　8.10.3 copyright,
　　8.11 summary,
9 reading list and bibliography
　9.1 suggestions for further reading,
　　9.1.1 introduction and general works,
　　9.1.2 the physical layer,
　　9.1.3 the data link layer,
　　9.1.4 the medium access control sublayer,
　　9.1.5 the network layer,
　　9.1.6 the transport layer,
　　9.1.7 the application layer,
　　9.1.8 network security,
　9.2 alphabetical bibliography,
index

　　PREFACE
　　This book is now in its fifth edition. Each edition hascorresponded to a different phase in the way computer networks wereused. When the first edition appearedin 1980, networks were anacademic curiosity. When the second edition appeared in 1988,networks were used by universities and large businesses. When thethird edition appeared in 1996, computer networks, especially theInternet, had become a daily reality for millions of people. By thefourth edition, in 2003, wireless networks and mobile computers hadbecome commonplace for accessing the Web and the Internet. Now, inthe fifth edition, networks are about contentdistribution(especially videos using CDNs and peer-to-peernetworks) and mobile phones are small computers on theInternet.
　　Among the many changes in this book, the most important one isthe addition f Prof. David J. Wetheall as a co-author. David bringsa rich background in networking,having cut his teeth designingmetropolitan-area networks more than 20years ago. He has workedwith the Internet and wireless networks ever since and is aprofessor at the University of Washington, where he has beenteaching and doing research on computer networks and related topicsfor the past decade.
　　Of course, the book also has many changes to keep up with the:ever-changing world of computer networks. Among these are revisedand new material on Wireless networks (802.12 and 802.16)
　　The 3G networks used by smart phones
　　RFID and sensor networks
　　Content distribution using CDNs
　　Peer-to-peer networks
　　Real-time media (from stored, streaming, and live sources)
　　Internet telephony (voice over IP)
　　Delay-tolerant networks
　　A more detailed chapter-by-chapter list follows.
　　Chapter 1 has the same introductory function as in the fourthedition, but the contents have been revised and brought up to date.The Internet, mobile phone networks, 802.11, and RFID and sensornetworks are discussed as examples of computer networks. Materialon the original Ethernet—with its vampire taps—has been removed,along with the material on ATM.
　　Chapter 2, which covers the physical layer, has expanded coverageof digital modulation (including OFDM as widely used in wirelessnetworks) and 3G networks (based on CDMA). New technologies arediscussed, including Fiber to the Home and power-linenetworking.
　　Chapter 3, on point-to-point links, has been improved in twoways. The material on codes for error detection and correction hasbeen updated, and also includes a brief description of the moderncodes that are important in practice (e.g., convolutional and LDPCcodes). The examples of protocols now use Packet over SONET andADSL. Sadly, the material on protocol verification has been removedas it is little used.
　　In Chapter 4, on the MAC sublayer, the principles are timelessbut the technologies have changed. Sections on the example networkshave been redone accordingly, including gigabit Ethernet, 802.11,802.16, Bluetooth, and RFID.
　　Also updated is the coverage of LAN switching, includingVLANs.
　　Chapter 5, on the network layer, covers the same ground as in thefourth edition.