许渊冲英译中国经典诗文集-长生殿（精装）（汉英）

许渊冲先生从事翻译工作70年，2010年12月荣获“中国翻译文化终身成就奖”。他被称为将中国诗词译成英法韵文的**专家，经他的妙手，许多中国经典诗文被译成出色的英文和法文韵语。 

丛书译者为许渊冲先生，其从事翻译工作70年，2010年12月荣获“中国翻译文化终身成就奖”；2014年8月荣获由国际译联颁发的文学翻译领域*奖项——“北极光”杰出文学翻译奖，成为首位获该奖的亚洲翻译家。经许先生的妙手，许多中国经典诗文被译成出色的英文韵语。这套汉英对照版“许译中国经典诗文集”荟萃许先生*代表性的英文译作14种，汉语部分采用中华书局版本。这些作品包括多种体裁，上起先秦，下至清代，既是联接所有中国人思想、情感的文化纽带，也是中国文化走向世界的重要桥梁。阅读和了解这些作品，即可尽览中国文化的“源头活水”。相信这套许氏译本能使英语读者分享孔子、老子的智慧，分享唐诗、宋词、中国古典戏曲的优美，并以此促进东西方文化的交流。2015年2月2日，由中国出版协会举办的第五届中华优秀出版物奖在京揭晓， “许译中国经典诗文集”（汉英对照）（14册）荣获“提名奖”。这套“中国经典诗文集”就是由他所译，前半部分是英文，后半部分是中文。

许渊冲–诗译英法唯一人 ，北京大学教授，翻译家。希望这套许氏译本能使英语读者对中国经典诗文也能“知之，好之，乐之”，能够分享孔子、老子的智慧，分享唐诗、宋词、中国古典戏曲的优美，并以此促进东西文化的交流。值得珍藏。许渊冲先生从事翻译工作70年，2010年12月荣获“中国翻译文化终身成就奖”。他被称为将中国诗词译成英法韵文的唯一专家，经他的妙手，许多中国经典诗文被译成出色的英文和法文韵语。Ancient Chinese classic poems are exquisite works of art. As far as 2,000 years ago, Chinese poets composed the beautiful work Book of Poetry and Elegies of the South, Later, they created more splendid Tang poetry and Song lyrics. Such classic works as Thus Spoke the Master and Laws: Divine and Human were extremely significant in building and shaping the culture of the Chinese nation. These works are both a cultural bond linking the thoughts and affections of Chinese people and an important bridge for Chinese culture and the world. Mr. Xu Yuanchong has been engaged in translation for 70 years. In December 2010, he won the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation conferred by the Translators Association of China (TAC). He is honored as the only expert who translates Chinese poems into both English and French. After his excellent interpretation, many Chinese classic poems have been further refined into perfect English and French rhymes. This collection of Classical Chinese Poetry and Prose gathers his most representative English translations. It includes the classic works Thus Spoke the Master, Laws: Divine and Human and dramas such as Romance of the Western Bower, Dream in Peony Pavilion,  Love in Long-life Hall and Peach Blossom Painted with Blood. The largest part of the collection includes the translation of selected poems from different dynasties. The selection includes various types of poems, lyrics and Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasty songs. The selected works start from the pre-Qin era to the Qing Dynasty, covering almost the entire history of classic poems in China. Reading these works is like tasting “living water from the source” of Chinese culture. We hope this collection will help English readers “know, love and appreciate” Chinese classic poems, share the intelligence of Confucius and Lao Tzu, share the gracefulness of Tang Dynasty poems, Song lyrics and classic operas and songs and promote exchanges between Eastern and Western culture.  This book is one of the 14 books of Classical Chinese Poetry and Prose, a translation of Confucian classics Thus Spoke the Master.

Contents目 录Preface序ACT I第一本Scene 1 Prologue第一出 传概Scene 2 The Pledge第二出 定情Scene 3 The Bribe第三出 贿权Scene 4 Spring Siesta第四出 春睡Scene 5 Spring Excursion第五出 禊游ACT II第二本Scene 1 The Mystery第一出 傍讶Scene 2 Rivalry第二出 幸恩Scene 3 A Lock of Hair第三出 献发Scene 4 The Recal第四出 复召Scene 5 Prediction第五出 疑谶ACT III第三本Scene 1 Dream Music第一出 闻乐Scene 2 Recording the Music第二出 制谱Scene 3 The Dispute第三出 权讧Scene 4 Stealing the Music第四出 偷曲Scene 5 The Feast第五出 进果Scene 6 The Round Dance第六出 舞盘ACT IV第四本Scene 1 The Hunt第一出 合围Scene 2 A Night of Grief第二出 夜怨Scene 3 A Visit to theEmerald Bower第三出 絮阁Scene 4 The Scout’s Report第四出 侦报Scene 5 The Bath第五出 窥浴Scene 6 The Secret Vow第六出 密誓Scene 1 The Fall of the PassACT V第五本第一出 陷关Scene 2 The Alarm第二出 惊变Scene 3 Death of Lady Yang第三出 埋玉

PrefaceOn seventh day of seventh moon when none was near,At midnight in Long-life Hall he whispered in her ear:“On high we would be two birds flying wing to wing;On earth two trees with branches twined from spring to spring.”Such is the love story of Emperor Xuan Zong of the Tang Dynasty and his favorite Lady Yang, as told by Bai Juyi in his Song of Everlasting Regret. Such is also the theme of the tragedy of Love in Long-life Hall written by Hong Sheng of Qing dynasty. The emperor’s love for his Lady which ends in the army’s revolt and in her tragic death is considered as a turning point of Tang dynasty’s decline and fall. Since olden days the rise and fall of dynasties hinge more or less on the fate of a beauty. It is true not only in the East but also in the West; for instance, the fate of Roman Empire might have been altered by the life or death of the Queen of Egypt. As Pascal said, if the nose of Cleopatra, Egyptian Queen, had been an inch longer, the history of Roman Empire might have been rewritten, for if she were not so bewitching, the Roman General might not have fallen in love with her and lost the empire.Cleopatra was hundreds of years earlier than Lady Yang of the Tang dynasty. Her contemporary was Lady Li, favorite of the Martial Emperor of the Han dynasty, whose beauty is glorified in the following poem:There is a beauty in the northern lands,Unequalled, high above the world she stands.At her first glance, soldiers would lose their town;At her second, the monarch would lose his crown.How could monarch and soldiers neglect their duty?For crown and town are overshadowed by her beauty.But the Martial Emperor did not neglect his duty. Instead, he sacrificed the beauty for his empire, and after her death he wrote an elegy, in which he said how lonely and dreary he felt on seeing her robe without finding her person, and on walking along the marble steps without seeing her foot print. Even when he found a fallen leaf on the threshold of her bedroom deserted and empty, he would think it transformed by her soul unwilling to tear herself away from her former abode. Her bedroom, her silk robe, the marble steps belong to the external world, while the emperor’s grief and loneliness to his internal world. Here we see the external world is described to reveal the internal world. In other words, scenic expressions are used as lyric expressions. Such is the method used in poetry.In the Book of Poetry compiled in the 5th Century B. C., poetry may be divided into three kinds: songs, odes (including feastal and epical odes) and hymns. As for the art of versification, three methods are used, that is, narration, comparison and association. This tradition has been inherited and developed, in scenical as well as lyrical expressions. For instance, we may read Li Bai’s description of the beauty of Lady Yang:Her face is seen in flowers and her dress in cloud,A beauty by the rails caressed by vernal breeze.If not a fairy queen from Jade Mountain proud,She’s Goddess of the Moon in crystal hall one sees.In the first two lines we see the poet compares the lady to a flower, and in the second she is associated with a fairy queen and the Moon Goddess. That is to say, comparison and association are used. In Bai Juyi’s Song of Everlasting Regret, we find verses describing Lady Yang:Turning her head, she smiled so sweet and full of grace That she outshone in six palaces the fairest face.In the first line narration is used, while in the second the lady is compared with or contrasted against the fairest face to emphasize her beauty.序“七月七日长生殿，夜半无人私语时：在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝。”这是唐代白居易《长恨歌》中写唐明皇和杨贵妃海誓山盟的名句。唐皇和杨妃轻歌曼舞、生离死别的爱情故事，在中国流传了一千多年，最著名的剧本是这部清代洪升著的《长生殿》。林语堂认为洪升的生花妙笔才能使“此恨绵绵”，“天长地久”。陈寅恪却认为唐皇对杨妃的爱情，朝欢暮乐，“从此君王不早朝”，是中国黄金时代由盛转衰的关键，因为“玉颜自古关兴废”。不但中国如此，西方也有例证，法国哲学家巴斯加就说过：埃及女王克柳葩的鼻子假如高了一公分，世界历史就要改写，因为假如她不是那么美艳，古罗马的凯撒大帝就不会坠入爱河，大将安东尼也不会“不爱江山爱美人”，那西方的古代史就要重写了。埃及女王克柳葩比杨贵妃要早几百年，和克柳葩同时的中国美人有汉武帝的李夫人，她的哥哥李延年为她写了一首诗：北方有佳人，绝世而独立。一顾倾人城，再顾倾人国。宁不知倾城与倾国？佳人难再得。但汉武帝并没有像罗马大将那样让美人倾国倾城，而是为了江山牺牲了美人。但是在她死后，他却写了一首哀悼她的《落叶哀蝉曲》：罗袂兮无声，玉墀兮尘生。虚房冷而寂寞，落叶依于重扃。望彼美之女兮安得？感余心之未宁。汉武帝思念李夫人，看见她穿过的罗衣，却听不到她穿衣的窸窣之声；看见她走过的台阶，却盖满了尘埃，看不到她的脚印；卧房里空荡荡的，身体感到寒冷，心里觉得寂寞，看到门槛上一片孤零零的落叶，仿佛是李夫人的幽灵，依依不舍地留恋着寝宫的房门。这首诗没有描写李夫人的外形，只写看到的、听到的、感到的环境，用景语来写情，再通过武帝之情来想象李夫人之美，这是一种通过外部世界来写内心世界，又通过内心世界来想象外部世界的写法。关于杨贵妃的描写，中国古诗也用景语来作情语，这在《诗经》中叫做“比兴”之法。如李白著名的《清平调》：“云想衣裳花想容，春风拂槛露华浓。若非群玉山头见，会向瑶台月下逢。”就是先把杨妃比作花，又把她比作月中仙子的。但在白居易的《长恨歌》中，却是先用一个特写镜头：“回头一笑百媚生”，再用反比来作衬托：“六宫粉黛无颜色。”到了洪升的《长生殿》，描写就更含蓄细致：“看了这粉容嫩，只怕风儿弹破。”“袅临风百种娇娆，还对镜千般婀娜。”这是含蓄地把杨妃比作临风玉树，显示了深厚的文化底蕴。

Professor Xu is the best translator who translated ancient poems,
lyrics and songs in English.
Yu Hsiu Ku, University of Pennsylvania
历代诗、词、曲译成英文，且能押韵自然，功力过人，实为有史以
来*。
——顾毓琇，已故美国宾州大学荣誉退休教授
Professor Xu has gained a world-wide reputation for his rhymed
translations of Chinese verse.
Stephen H.West, University of California, Berkeley
许教授已因其对中国诗歌的韵译而赢得世界性的声誉。
——奚如谷，加州大学伯克利分校教授
Elegies of the South translated by Professor Xu is as a high peak
even in English literature and American literature.
Jon Kowallis, The University of Melbourne
许教授的《楚辞》英译当算英美文学里的一座高峰。
——寇志明，澳大利亚墨尔本大学学者
Romance of the Western Bower translated by Professor Xu might
vie with Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in appeal and artistry.
Minerva Press, London
许译《西厢记》在艺术性和吸引力方面，可以和莎士比亚的《罗密
欧与朱丽叶》媲美。
——英国智慧女神出版社