描述
开 本: 16开纸 张: 胶版纸包 装: 平装-胶订是否套装: 否国际标准书号ISBN: 9787302517870丛书名: 高校专门用途英语（ESP)系列教材
编辑推荐
本教材主题涵盖了科技领域的方方面面，包括人工智能、生态环境、虚拟现实、网络交流、机械制造与新能源、太空探索、无人技术、医学突破等，注重使学生掌握科技英语阅读、翻译技巧，培养学生阅读、理解科技英语文章能力。
内容简介
本教材定位为应用型本科院校非英语专业学生使用的教材，作为大学英语拓展类课程教
材，目的在于使学生直接了解专业前沿知识和技术发展现状，培养学生以英语为工具获取相关
专业所需信息的能力，提高学生阅读相关专业科技专刊和科技文选的能力，为高年级阶段阅读
专业的英语文献打下良好的基础。
本书参考答案请在ftp://ftp.tup.tsinghua.edu.cn/上下载。
材，目的在于使学生直接了解专业前沿知识和技术发展现状，培养学生以英语为工具获取相关
专业所需信息的能力，提高学生阅读相关专业科技专刊和科技文选的能力，为高年级阶段阅读
专业的英语文献打下良好的基础。
本书参考答案请在ftp://ftp.tup.tsinghua.edu.cn/上下载。
目 录
Unit 1 Artificial Intelligence / 1
Text A Artifi cial Intelligence: Friendly or Frightening? / 2
Text B AI Summit Aims to Help World’s Poorest / 12
Text C Th e Weapon of Doomsday: AI / 20
Unit 2 Protect Our Planet / 23
Text A How Would Just 2 Degrees of Warming Change the Planet? / 24
Text B Th e Risk of Extinction Is Highest for Earth’s Largest and
Smallest Animals / 34
Text C 7 High-tech Tools to Combat Poaching / 42
Unit 3 Virtual Reality / 47
Text A How Virtual Reality Works / 48
Text B Virtual Reality Helps Distract Kids from Painful Medical
Procedures / 57
Text C How Project Morpheus Works / 65
Unit 4 Unmanned Technologies / 69
Text A Drone Trends to Watch in 2018: Big Data, Flying Taxis,
and Home Security / 70
Text B Driver-less Cars and How Th ey Would Change Motoring / 79
Text C How Amazon Go Will Revolutionize Retail Convenience / 87
Unit 5 New Energy and Climate / 93
Text A Artifi cial Photosynthesis—the Potentially Cleanest
Technology / 94
Text B Turn CO2 into Valuable Products / 102
Text C Th e Disruptive Power of the Renewables / 109
Unit 6 Social Networking / 113
Text A Why WhatsApp Only Needs 50 Engineers for Its
900M Users / 114
Text B Social Media and the Big Data Explosion / 122
Text C Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Networking / 130
Unit 7 Space Exploration / 135
Text A Leaders Satellites Space: the Next Startup Frontier / 136
Text B Searching for Aliens: the Wow Factor / 144
Text C China’s Commercial Aerospace Dream Edges
Closer to Reality / 152
Unit 8 Medical Science / 157
Text A FDA Approval Brings First Gene Th erapy to the
United States / 158
Text B Aft er Surgery in the Womb, a Baby Is Kicking up Hope / 169
Text C Current Alzheimer’s Treatments / 177
Text A Artifi cial Intelligence: Friendly or Frightening? / 2
Text B AI Summit Aims to Help World’s Poorest / 12
Text C Th e Weapon of Doomsday: AI / 20
Unit 2 Protect Our Planet / 23
Text A How Would Just 2 Degrees of Warming Change the Planet? / 24
Text B Th e Risk of Extinction Is Highest for Earth’s Largest and
Smallest Animals / 34
Text C 7 High-tech Tools to Combat Poaching / 42
Unit 3 Virtual Reality / 47
Text A How Virtual Reality Works / 48
Text B Virtual Reality Helps Distract Kids from Painful Medical
Procedures / 57
Text C How Project Morpheus Works / 65
Unit 4 Unmanned Technologies / 69
Text A Drone Trends to Watch in 2018: Big Data, Flying Taxis,
and Home Security / 70
Text B Driver-less Cars and How Th ey Would Change Motoring / 79
Text C How Amazon Go Will Revolutionize Retail Convenience / 87
Unit 5 New Energy and Climate / 93
Text A Artifi cial Photosynthesis—the Potentially Cleanest
Technology / 94
Text B Turn CO2 into Valuable Products / 102
Text C Th e Disruptive Power of the Renewables / 109
Unit 6 Social Networking / 113
Text A Why WhatsApp Only Needs 50 Engineers for Its
900M Users / 114
Text B Social Media and the Big Data Explosion / 122
Text C Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Networking / 130
Unit 7 Space Exploration / 135
Text A Leaders Satellites Space: the Next Startup Frontier / 136
Text B Searching for Aliens: the Wow Factor / 144
Text C China’s Commercial Aerospace Dream Edges
Closer to Reality / 152
Unit 8 Medical Science / 157
Text A FDA Approval Brings First Gene Th erapy to the
United States / 158
Text B Aft er Surgery in the Womb, a Baby Is Kicking up Hope / 169
Text C Current Alzheimer’s Treatments / 177
前 言
前 言
随着*提出的“高等学校教学质量和教学改革工程”理念进一步贯彻深
入，高校将积极推进外语教学改革和教材建设，复合型人才的培养目标日益得到
专家、学者和广大师生的认同。
本教材定位为应用型本科院校非英语专业学生使用的教材，作为大学英语拓
展类课程教材，目的在于使学生直接了解专业前沿知识和技术发展现状，培养学
生以英语为工具获取相关专业所需信息的能力，提高学生阅读相关专业科技专刊
和科技文选的能力，为高年级阶段阅读专业的英语文献打下良好的基础。
本教材的特色在于贯彻和实施“以内容为依托”的教学理念，能力培养目标
明确，选用具有趣味性、时代性、真实性以及与专业设置相符合的科技文章。练
习设计丰富多彩，听、说、读、写、译等语言技能的训练围绕教学内容展开，体
现了对语言综合技能的培养。针对各主题自身的特点，不同单元的教学内容采用
由浅入深、促进理解的原则安排。
本教材共有八个单元，每单元围绕同一主题精选三篇话题相近、风格不同的
文章。主题涵盖了科技领域的方方面面，包括人工智能、生态环境、虚拟现实、
网络交流、机械制造与新能源、太空探索、无人技术、医学突破等。每单元均提
供了一堂有效而成功的英语课所的教与学环节。课文前的Lead-in 为学生提
供了团队合作、思考与口语表达等学习体验的机会。词汇予以英文注释，培养英
文思维习惯与能力。本教材针对同一主题精选的三篇文章分别设置不同的精读和
泛读练习。Text A 和Text B 以精读为主，设置基于内容的阅读理解、词汇练习和
翻译练习，注重使学生掌握科技英语阅读、翻译技巧，扩充专业英语词汇量，培
ii
养学生阅读科技英语文章的能力。Text C 为泛读文章，配合阅读判断题，注重提
升学生阅读科技英语文章的速度和理解力。
本教材涵盖的科普内容广泛，教师可以根据所在学校的课程设置和学生的实
际特点与实际需求有的放矢地选择和提炼教学内容，建议32-48 学时的课堂教学
安排。
本教材从资料收集、初稿编撰、课堂试用到完成编写历时一年多，由南京理
工大学紫金学院人文学院外语系科技英语课程教学团队合作完成。第1 单元由团
队共同执笔；第2 单元由朱莎执笔；第3 单元由朱倩执笔；第4 单元由葛兰执笔；
第5 单元由李立执笔；第6 单元由蒋春丽执笔；第7 单元由洪婷执笔；第8 单元
由叶玉萍执笔。其中，朱倩、朱莎负责统稿。同时，本教材还得到了人文学院刘
智芳院长和戚佳鸣主任的指导。在此我们对所有关心、支持和参与本教材编写工
作的人士表示衷心的感谢。
由于编者水平有限，在编写过程中专业知识方面的疏漏之处在所难免，敬请
专家和读者及时告知，给予指正。
编者
2018 年8 月
于南京理工大学紫金学院
随着*提出的“高等学校教学质量和教学改革工程”理念进一步贯彻深
入，高校将积极推进外语教学改革和教材建设，复合型人才的培养目标日益得到
专家、学者和广大师生的认同。
本教材定位为应用型本科院校非英语专业学生使用的教材，作为大学英语拓
展类课程教材，目的在于使学生直接了解专业前沿知识和技术发展现状，培养学
生以英语为工具获取相关专业所需信息的能力，提高学生阅读相关专业科技专刊
和科技文选的能力，为高年级阶段阅读专业的英语文献打下良好的基础。
本教材的特色在于贯彻和实施“以内容为依托”的教学理念，能力培养目标
明确，选用具有趣味性、时代性、真实性以及与专业设置相符合的科技文章。练
习设计丰富多彩，听、说、读、写、译等语言技能的训练围绕教学内容展开，体
现了对语言综合技能的培养。针对各主题自身的特点，不同单元的教学内容采用
由浅入深、促进理解的原则安排。
本教材共有八个单元，每单元围绕同一主题精选三篇话题相近、风格不同的
文章。主题涵盖了科技领域的方方面面，包括人工智能、生态环境、虚拟现实、
网络交流、机械制造与新能源、太空探索、无人技术、医学突破等。每单元均提
供了一堂有效而成功的英语课所的教与学环节。课文前的Lead-in 为学生提
供了团队合作、思考与口语表达等学习体验的机会。词汇予以英文注释，培养英
文思维习惯与能力。本教材针对同一主题精选的三篇文章分别设置不同的精读和
泛读练习。Text A 和Text B 以精读为主，设置基于内容的阅读理解、词汇练习和
翻译练习，注重使学生掌握科技英语阅读、翻译技巧，扩充专业英语词汇量，培
ii
养学生阅读科技英语文章的能力。Text C 为泛读文章，配合阅读判断题，注重提
升学生阅读科技英语文章的速度和理解力。
本教材涵盖的科普内容广泛，教师可以根据所在学校的课程设置和学生的实
际特点与实际需求有的放矢地选择和提炼教学内容，建议32-48 学时的课堂教学
安排。
本教材从资料收集、初稿编撰、课堂试用到完成编写历时一年多，由南京理
工大学紫金学院人文学院外语系科技英语课程教学团队合作完成。第1 单元由团
队共同执笔；第2 单元由朱莎执笔；第3 单元由朱倩执笔；第4 单元由葛兰执笔；
第5 单元由李立执笔；第6 单元由蒋春丽执笔；第7 单元由洪婷执笔；第8 单元
由叶玉萍执笔。其中，朱倩、朱莎负责统稿。同时，本教材还得到了人文学院刘
智芳院长和戚佳鸣主任的指导。在此我们对所有关心、支持和参与本教材编写工
作的人士表示衷心的感谢。
由于编者水平有限，在编写过程中专业知识方面的疏漏之处在所难免，敬请
专家和读者及时告知，给予指正。
编者
2018 年8 月
于南京理工大学紫金学院
在线试读
Unit 2 Protect Our Planet
III. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. The Earth is home to a range of climates, from the scorching dunes of the Sahara to the
freezing ridges of Antarctica. Given this diversity, why are climate scientists so alarmed
about a worldwide temperature increase of just 2.7 degrees Fahrenheit (1.5 degrees
Celsius)?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. The 144 countries participating in the 2016 Paris Agreement announced that the world
should limit the global increase in this century to 2.7 degrees F (1.5 degrees C), a
stricter limit than the former goal of a 3.6 degrees F (2 degrees C) increase.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. Earth’s climate changes over time—the last ice age is evidence of that—but it’s the rapid
rate of change and the amount of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide filling up the
atmosphere that have scientists concerned.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. However, ocean acidification caused by climate change makes it difficult, if not
impossible, for thousands of species, including oysters, crabs and corals, to form their
protective shells, which in turn disrupts the food web.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. Northern latitudes may see a temporary boost in soy and wheat farming, partly because
of the warmer temperatures farther north and partly because increased carbon dioxide
helps plants grow.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. That’s because humidity often increases with the heat index. When both are high, the
human body is unable to evaporate sweat to cool itself.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
34
The Risk of Extinction Is Highest for
Earth’s Largest and Smallest Animals1
Russell McLendon
Humans seem to be favoring medium-sized vertebrates, researchers say, causing “a
radical shift in the living architecture of the planet.”
Earth may be undergoing a mass extinction, the first in human history—and the first
with human help. Life can rebound from mass extinctions, as it has several times over 4.5
billion years, but many important species will be lost in the meantime.
And since humanity still relies on the ecosystems around it, this isn’t just about
preserving wildlife for its own sake. Not only do we have a responsibility to protect nature
from ourselves; we have a big self interest in protecting it for ourselves, too.
In a new study, scientists reveal a noteworthy quirk about our current extinction crisis:
The animal species at greatest risk tend to be among the largest or smallest. If we let this play
out, which is written by authors in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, it
could dramatically reshuffle the ecosystems that sustain us.
“Human activity seems poised to chop off both the head and tail of the size distribution
of life,” they write. “This compression of the size distribution of vertebrate life not only
represents a radical shift in the living architecture of our planet, but also is likely to
precipitate consequential shifts in ecological functioning.”
The researchers examined more than 27,000 vertebrate animal species—including birds,
reptiles, amphibians, fish and mammals—whose extinction risks have been assessed by the
International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). When they compared that risk
with body size, here’s what they found:
1 Downloaded from https://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/animals/blogs/extinction-risk-body-size (2017-09-21)
B
T e x t
III. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. The Earth is home to a range of climates, from the scorching dunes of the Sahara to the
freezing ridges of Antarctica. Given this diversity, why are climate scientists so alarmed
about a worldwide temperature increase of just 2.7 degrees Fahrenheit (1.5 degrees
Celsius)?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. The 144 countries participating in the 2016 Paris Agreement announced that the world
should limit the global increase in this century to 2.7 degrees F (1.5 degrees C), a
stricter limit than the former goal of a 3.6 degrees F (2 degrees C) increase.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. Earth’s climate changes over time—the last ice age is evidence of that—but it’s the rapid
rate of change and the amount of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide filling up the
atmosphere that have scientists concerned.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. However, ocean acidification caused by climate change makes it difficult, if not
impossible, for thousands of species, including oysters, crabs and corals, to form their
protective shells, which in turn disrupts the food web.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. Northern latitudes may see a temporary boost in soy and wheat farming, partly because
of the warmer temperatures farther north and partly because increased carbon dioxide
helps plants grow.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
6. That’s because humidity often increases with the heat index. When both are high, the
human body is unable to evaporate sweat to cool itself.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
34
The Risk of Extinction Is Highest for
Earth’s Largest and Smallest Animals1
Russell McLendon
Humans seem to be favoring medium-sized vertebrates, researchers say, causing “a
radical shift in the living architecture of the planet.”
Earth may be undergoing a mass extinction, the first in human history—and the first
with human help. Life can rebound from mass extinctions, as it has several times over 4.5
billion years, but many important species will be lost in the meantime.
And since humanity still relies on the ecosystems around it, this isn’t just about
preserving wildlife for its own sake. Not only do we have a responsibility to protect nature
from ourselves; we have a big self interest in protecting it for ourselves, too.
In a new study, scientists reveal a noteworthy quirk about our current extinction crisis:
The animal species at greatest risk tend to be among the largest or smallest. If we let this play
out, which is written by authors in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, it
could dramatically reshuffle the ecosystems that sustain us.
“Human activity seems poised to chop off both the head and tail of the size distribution
of life,” they write. “This compression of the size distribution of vertebrate life not only
represents a radical shift in the living architecture of our planet, but also is likely to
precipitate consequential shifts in ecological functioning.”
The researchers examined more than 27,000 vertebrate animal species—including birds,
reptiles, amphibians, fish and mammals—whose extinction risks have been assessed by the
International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). When they compared that risk
with body size, here’s what they found:
1 Downloaded from https://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/animals/blogs/extinction-risk-body-size (2017-09-21)
B
T e x t
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