城市轨道交通工程测量技术与应用

为使测量技术更好地为城市轨道交通工程建设服务，本书系统理论的总结轨道交通工程测量技术，以东莞轨道交通工程建设的实际测量作业为背景，通过分析、研究与总结，从轨道交通工程建设过程中测量工作的关键节点和重难点入手，归纳了现阶段各城市轨道交通工程建设中对于测量节点的要求，介绍了轨道交通工程建设过程中几乎所有涉及到的测量方法及原理并且对于轨道交通工程中各种繁杂的数据处理进行了系统的介绍，这些测量技术及方法是经典轨道交通工程测量及理论知识的创新应用，对今后我国城市轨道交通工程建设的测量工作具有参考和指导作用。

王玉福，1975年生，河南安阳人，本科毕业于解放军测绘学院（现解放军信息工程大学）工程测量专业，硕士研究生就读于中国矿业大学（北京校区）。现就职于东莞市轨道就交通有限公司从事轨道交通工程测量监测等相关专业的技术管理工作。曾长期担任相关大型央企、国企测量相关部门负责人，先后工作于中国水利水电十一局、广州建筑集团等著名施工企业，作为测量学术带头人主持房建市政、轨道交通等若干科研课题，具有丰富的海外及国内不同环境条件下的测量及地质理论及实践经验。

篇 城市轨道交通控制测量
第1 章 绪 论···········································································································3
1.1 城市轨道交通工程测量的内容及任务··································································3
1.2 城市轨道交通工程测量特点··················································································4
1.3 国内现状及展望······································································································5
第2 章 地面平面控制测量······················································································· 7
2.1 概述·························································································································7
2.2 GNSS 控制测量······································································································8
2.3 精密导线···············································································································25
第3 章 地面高程控制测量······················································································38
3.1 概述·······················································································································38
3.2 地面高程控制测量技术························································································38
3.3 跨河水准测量·······································································································61
第4 章 井下控制测量·····························································································73
4.1 概述·······················································································································73
4.2 井下平面控制测量································································································74
4.3 井下水准测量·······································································································77
第二篇 轨道交通施工测量
第5 章 轨道交通施工测量基础··············································································81
5.1 概述·······················································································································81
5.2 放样的基本方法····································································································82
5.3 点位放样················································································································87
5.4 归化法放样············································································································95
5.5 线路计算··············································································································105
第6 章 平面联系测量···························································································112
6.1 概述·····················································································································112
6.2 一井定向··············································································································112
6.3 两井定向··············································································································118
6.4 投点法·················································································································125
6.5 多点后方交会法··································································································126
6.6 小结·····················································································································129
第7 章 高程联系测量···························································································131
7.1 悬吊钢尺法··········································································································131
7.2 光电测距法··········································································································133
第8 章 洞门环板测量···························································································134
8.1 安装测量··············································································································134
8.2 验收测量··············································································································136
8.3

近年来，我国城市轨道交通工程建设发展迅速。截止到目前，中国已有40多座城市轨道交通规划获批，总规划里程约8600千米，如此大体量的建设规模，带来的就是专业技术和管理力量的不足。轨道交通工程测量涉及的作业形式多、地上地下环境复杂，对于技术人员要求高，为了提高轨道交通工程测量技术及管理水平的要求，本书作者编写了适用于轨道交通工程测量专业技术和管理人员的基础性、普及性教材。

本书旨在满足轨道交通工程测量从业人员了解基础测量知识，掌握轨道交通工程测量技术的重点和难点，提高测量技术及管理水平。一方面，有助于工程测量人员掌握必要的知识和方法，巩固专业知识；另一方面，有助于具有一定测量经验的人员进一步提高业务技能，综合提升测量管理能力。本书适用于初始介入轨道交通工程相关参建企业技术人员以及轨道交通工程建设单位测量管理人员学习培训。

本书参加编写的作者，既有长期在一线从事轨道交通工程测量的技术骨干，也有着力于轨道交通工程建设的业主管理人员，编者都具有丰富的实操经验和管理水平以及比较广泛的代表性。编写人员在确定本书框架、收集素材、章节编排、内容丰富以及书稿审定等方面做了大量工作，数易其稿，力求完善。本书既包含了所有编写人员的集体智慧，也代表着城市轨道交通工程测量行业的共同财富，希望本书可以为当前我国快速发展的轨道交通工程建设事业提供力所能及的技术支持。

本书既介绍了城市轨道交通工程测量的地面控制测量、地下控制测量以及施工测量等关键测量技术理论，又对目前全国轨道交通工程建设普遍存在的第三方测量、第三方监测的管理流程进行了阐述；既有专业知识的论述，又有典型案例的分析；既有对传统技术的叙述，又有对前沿科学的普及。本书注重理论与实践、经验与知识相结合，力求切实帮助从事轨道交通工程测量的技术及管理人员解决实际问题。

本书共三篇：篇，城市轨道交通控制测量；第二篇，轨道交通施工测量；第三篇，管理制度及技术文件。书中重点介绍了轨道交通工程测量常用的测量技术方法、关键节点的测量技术要求以及数据处理系统的功能开发；加以对大量工程测量实际案例的分析，并对目前普遍实施的第三方测量及监测管理程序进行了梳理介绍，内容贴近实际，容易上手。

由于时间仓促，编者水平有限，书中难免存在不完善、不准确的地方，真诚希望广大读者提出宝贵意见。