描述
开 本: 16开纸 张: 胶版纸包 装: 平装是否套装: 否国际标准书号ISBN: 9787201081052
英文配套朗读下载: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/articlelist_2030703815_12_1.html
《英国学生科学读本》与《英国语文》配套出版,曾在英国学校使用,作为学生的科学教材。《英国学生科学读本》从孩子们身边熟悉而细小的事物开始,讲述大自然中的动物、植物等广博的科学知识,犹如一部万物简史。《英国学生科学读本》并非教孩子们记忆多少科学知识,而是激发他们对科学的兴趣,引领他们走进奇妙的科学殿堂。《英国学生科学读本》提供配套英文朗读免费下载,帮助读者全面提升英语阅读水平。
呈现于读者面前的这套《英国学生科学读本》,是一套英国学生曾经使用的原版科学教材。作者尝试从孩子身边不起眼的细小事物开始,让他们自己走进奇妙的科学殿堂。这套科学读本犹如一部生动有趣的万物简史,书中提到的事物,都是人们天天可见的:
狗、猫、麦子、铁、煤、铅笔、大头针……当然,有些是当地特有的东西,比如英国的硬币——便士。
这些内容看起来平常得很,但每篇文章背后都关联着相应的专业科学,让读者学到丰富而有用的知识。《英国学生科学读本》的最后,还收录了一些优美的英语诗歌,描述了身边美丽的自然现象和孩子们的日常活动。对中国读者来讲,此书可谓一套多功能的英语读本。
This set of science readers authored by the famous textbooks
publisher Thomas Neslon & Sons, was used in some British
schools in 1920s. It includes more than one hundred object lessons
with many pictures, which bring the young readers everyday science
knowledge and principles. For Chinese students it is also a series
of excellent books to improve their English.
1 THE HOLLY 冬 青
2 THE CANARY BIRD 金丝雀
3 THE LEAD?PENCIL 木杆铅笔
4 BLACK?LEAD 石 墨
5 THE COW 牛
6 A GLASS OF WATER 一杯水
7 THE GOLD?FISH 金 鱼
8 A LUMP OF PUTTY 一块腻子(油灰)
9 SEEDS(Ⅰ) 种 子(Ⅰ)
10 SEEDS(Ⅱ) 种 子(Ⅱ)
11 THE AIR WE BREATHE 我们呼吸的空气
12 THE CAT 猫
13 THE METAL CALLED IRON 一种叫铁的金属
14 A CUP OF TEA 一杯茶
15 SNOW?FLAKES 雪 花
16 A PIECE OF WOOD 一块木头
17 THE RABBIT 兔 子
18 SLIDING ON THE ICE 滑 冰
19 A REEL OF COTTON 一卷棉线
20 COCKS AND HENS 公鸡和母鸡
21 A PIECE OF SLATE 一块石板
22 AN EAR OF WHEAT 一棵麦穗
23 THE PERIWINKLE 滨 螺
24 GREEN PEAS 嫩豌豆
25 THE HERRING 鲱 鱼
26 PICKING BUTTERCUPS 摘毛茛
27 THE SHRIMP 虾
28 A BLOCK OF SALT 一块盐
29 THE FLY 苍 蝇
30 THE POTATO 马铃薯
31 THE GLIDING SNAKE 游来游去的蛇
32 ONLY A CORK 一块软木
33 THE PRETTY PIGEON 美丽的鸽子
34 BARLEY 大 麦
35 GETTING UP STEAM 蒸汽往上冒!
36 THE USEFUL SHEEP 浑身是宝的绵羊
37 ALL ABOUT A PENNY 关于便士
38 OUR HELPER, THE HORSE 人类的帮手——马
39 A SOFT AND FLEXIBLE METAL—LEAD 柔韧的软金属——铅
40 THE SUGAR?CANE 甘 蔗
41 HOW SUGAR IS MADE 糖是怎么生产的
42 THE SAUCY SPARROW 调皮的麻雀
43 A LUMP 0F CLAY 一块粘土
44 HOW BRICKS ARE MADE 砖是怎么做出来的
45 THE FLAT FISH CALLED THE SOLE 一种叫“鳎”的比目鱼
46 A CUP OF COFFEE 一杯咖啡
47 OUR FRIEND THE DOG 狗——人类的朋友
48 MORE ABOUT THE DOG 关于狗的其他事情
49 CHESTNUTS 栗 子
50 ONLY A STONE 只是一块石头
51 A LUMP OF COAL 一块煤
52 APPLES, AND THE APPLE?TREE 苹果和苹果树
53 THE OYSTER 牡 蛎
54 THE CRUSTY CRAB 硬壳螃蟹
55 NEEDLES AND PINS 缝衣针和大头针
56 THE YELLOW PRIMROSE 黄色的报春花
57 SULPHUR 硫
58 THE CREEPING CATERPILLAR 毛毛虫向前爬
59 THE BEAUTIFUL BUTTERFLY 美丽的蝴蝶
60 THE CABBAGE 卷心菜
61 THE SNOW?DROP 雪花莲
62 THE PATIENT DONKEY 吃苦耐劳的驴子
63 THE USEFUL COCOA?NUT 有用的椰子
64 THE RED METAL CALLED COPPER 红色金属——铜
65 THE ONION 洋 葱
66 EGGS AND CHICKS 鸡蛋与小鸡
67 A TALK ABOUT WOOL 羊毛漫谈
68 THE HYACINTH 风信子
69 THE FINNY PLAICE 欧鲽鱼
70 EVAPORATION 蒸发作用
71 THE CHERRY?TREE AND ITS FRUIT 樱桃树及其果实
72 THE CLEVER SPIDER 聪明的蜘蛛
73 A PANE OF GLASS 玻璃窗
74 ONLY A WEED(Ⅰ) 蒲公英(Ⅰ)
75 ONLY A WEED(Ⅱ) 蒲公英(Ⅱ)
76 THE COMMON MOUSE 家 鼠
77 “THERE’S NOTHING LIKE LEATHER!” “百货不如皮货”
78 VIOLETS AND PANSIES 紫罗兰与三色堇
79 THE PRICKLY HEDGEHOG 扎人的刺猬
80 THE SOIL BENEATH OUR FEET 我们脚下的土地
81 A SHEET OF PAPER 一张纸
82 THE GARDEN SNAIL 花园中的蜗牛
83 MATTER, AND THE SENSES 物质与感觉
84 THE BUSY BEE 勤劳的蜜蜂
85 COCOA AND CHOCOLATE 可可与巧克力
86 SUN, MOON, AND STARS 太阳、月亮与星星
87 THE EARTH?WORM 蚯 蚓
88 CONDENSATION 冷 凝
89 CLOUDS AND RAIN 云和雨
90 THE STURDY OAK 结实的橡树
91 MILK AND ITS USES 牛奶及用途
92 A BOX OF MATCHES 一盒火柴
93 TADPOLE AND FROG 蝌蚪与青蛙
94 A PAIR OF BELLOWS 一副风箱
95 FLOUR AND BREAD 面粉与面包
96 THE BODY(Ⅰ) 人 体(Ⅰ)
97 THE BODY(Ⅱ) 人 体(Ⅱ)
附 录:SCIENCE POETRY 科学诗歌
01 How The Leaves Came down 树叶是怎样飘落的
02 Winter’s Coming 冬天来了
03 Jack Forst 霜先生
04 The Bird’s House 鸟儿的家
05 Welcome, Little Robin 欢迎你,知更鸟!
06 The Raindrops’ Ride 小水滴的旅程
07 Water 水
08 How do They Grow? 他们是怎么生长的?
09 The Cotton Tree 棉花树
10 Iron 铁
11 Birdie and I 小鸟和我
12 The Sparrow in The Snow 雪中麻雀
13 A Little Robber 小强盗
14 Baby’s Big World 贝贝的大世界
15 A Tired Little Worm 小虫子累了
16 Snow Song 雪之歌
17 Skating 滑冰
18 Hide?and?seek 捉迷藏
19 The voice of spring 春之声
孩子的眼中,一切都是新鲜有趣的。我们每个人的童年回忆,都带着挥之不去的神秘感。这种神秘感,不是来自遥远的外星球和异国他乡,而是来自我们身边见惯不惊的事物。花儿是怎么生长的?为什么会下雪?小猫走路为什么没有声音?我们吃的糖、盐、巧克力,是从哪儿来的?当孩子们牵着爸爸妈妈的衣角,问出这些问题的时候,或许谁也不会想到,这些问题中,蕴含着人类最光彩夺目的智慧。
大自然很大方,提供了丰富的资源给人利用;但它也很小气,总是不告诉人们,到底怎样才能把这些资源利用得最好。于是,从人类的老祖先出现在地球上以来,每一代人都在拼命地寻找,直到最近的几百年间,才拥有了目前为止最靠谱的办法——现代科学体系。
这个体系正在影响我们生活的每一个角落。它的步履艰难而反复,却扎扎实实。没有1946年那台重达30吨的电脑“ENIAC”,就没有我写这篇文章用的轻巧的笔记本电脑;没有这套书里提到的瓦特蒸汽机,就没有我现在听到的、窗外川流不息的汽车声音。我写下这些字的时候,房间里至少有几百件物品,每一样都浸透了人们的心血,经历了无数次的实验和失败。
更重要的是,这伟大的脚步仍在继续。科学永远不是写在书本上的教条,而是永远年轻,永远不断自我纠正、自我更新的。大自然超乎想象地复杂,研究自然的科学,也就不可避免地越来越复杂,越来越完善。在近现代,科学像坐了火箭一样飞速发展起来,但还远远没有达到高峰,甚至连山脉的高度也没有。很多科学领域,比如一些新材料科学和生物科学,才刚刚起步。而它们无一例外,都要回到我们身边,成为幸福生活的助推器。这是一个无比奇妙的轮回。
摆在读者面前的这套《英国学生科学读本》,就是英国教育家们的一次尝试,想从孩子身边不起眼的小东西开始,让他们自己去探索奇妙的科学殿堂,跟中国的《十万个为什么》有点儿相似。书中提到的东西,都是人们天天见到的:狗、猫、麦子、铁、煤、铅笔、大头针……当然,有些毕竟是那个国家特有的东西,比如英国的硬币——便士。它们看起来平常得很,但每一篇文章背后,都建立了不止一个专业学科,有成千上万的人,在为它们孜孜不倦。另外,也许是为了照顾“全面发展”,这套书还包括了一些优美的英语诗歌,描述了种种美丽的自然现象和孩子们的日常活动。
让中国读者接受面向英国儿童的科普作品,是对我这个译者的一大挑战。我力图让行文适合中国人的阅读习惯;为了弥补原文的某些局限性,我还尽量仔细地做了查找工作,力所能及地加了一些注解,试着纠正和补充。万幸我赶上了互联网的时代,让这份工作方便了不少。我的亲朋好友们给我提供了很多资料,还有同样重要的精神支持。但我毕竟没有受过系统的科学训练,恐怕最后你看到的东西,错误还是难免的。本书第1?60章及附录中的科学诗歌由刘巍翻译,第61?97章由刘嵩翻译;全书的译注由刘巍完成。
那么,也请你来给本书挑毛病吧。希望你和我,都能为这人类最辉煌的事业做点儿什么,就从这里开始!
刘 巍
2012年12月17日于望京花园
Lesson 1
THE HOLLY
冬 青
hol??ly shīn??ing prick??les
sauce??pan flow??ers
Christ??mas ei??ther an??i?mals
stew fruit
pret??ty shrub
bit??ing stick??y scar??let
ber??ries fin??gers quite
spread piece
a?gainst? guess smooth
sum??mer pud??ding
1. How nice it is at Christmas to see the branches of holly on
the walls! How pretty the bright?red berries look against the
shining dark?green leaves!
2. You may call the holly either a large shrub or a small
tree. The leaves of most trees fall off when winter comes, but the
holly is green all the year round. It is called an ever?green tree;
for as soon as one old brown leaf drops off, a fresh green one
grows in its place.
3. Did you ever prick your fingers when you were hanging up
the holly? The leaves have sharp points or spines all round the
sides and also at the ends.
4. Can you guess what is the use of these prickles or spines
to the holly tree? They keep cows and other animals from biting off
the leaves.
5. Look at the holly leaves at the top of the tree, where the
cows cannot reach,
and you will see that these leaves are quite smooth, and have
no spines.
6. If you put some of the bark of the holly tree into an old
saucepan with a little water, and stew it slowly on the fire, you
will get a sticky white stuff.
7. This sticky stuff is called bird?lime, for men spread it on
leaves and twigs to catch birds. If a bird rests on one of these
twigs or leaves, the bird?lime sticks to its feet, and then it
cannot fl y away.
8. Look at the holly in summer, and you will see that it has
small white flowers. When these drop off, the fruit comes in their
place. The fruit of the holly tree is the pretty scarlet berry,
which you can see on the branches in winter.
9. Be sure you find some nice holly, with plenty of scarlet
berries, for next Christmas. Hang up the branches all round your
rooms, and stick a small piece in your plumpudding.
SUMMARY
The holly is an evergreen tree with bright?red berries. The
leaves have sharp, prickly points or spines to protect them from
animals. Branches of holly are used for decorating our houses at
Christmas. Bird?lime is made out of the bark of the holly.
【中文阅读】
1.过圣诞节了,墙上挂起了冬青①的树枝,小朋友们多高兴啊!那些亮红色的果子,衬着闪光的暗绿色叶子,多好看啊!
2.冬青,可以叫它“大灌木”,也可以叫它“小树”。冬天来了,树的叶子差不多都掉光了,可是冬青呢,一年四季都是绿油油的。冬青是一种“常绿树”,因为只要冬青树上的一片叶子变成了棕色,落了下来,在原来的地方,就会长出一片新的绿叶!②
3.小朋友,你在往墙上挂冬青的时候,有没有扎到过手指头?冬青的叶子边上和顶上,长满了小小的尖儿,这种尖儿也叫“刺”(spine)。
4.猜猜看,这种“刺”,或“棘”,对冬青有什么用处呢?有了这些刺,冬青就不怕牛、马,或者别的动物,去咬它的叶子了。
5.看看冬青树顶上的叶子。牛、马够不到冬青树的顶上,瞧,这儿的叶子就很光滑,没有刺了。
6.要是把一块冬青树的树皮放进汤锅,再加点儿水,慢慢地放在火上炖一会儿,就会得到一种白白的、黏黏的东西。
7.这种黏黏的东西,叫做“黏鸟胶”,因为人们把它涂在树叶上,涂在小树枝上逮鸟儿。要是鸟儿落在这些小树枝上、树叶上,黏鸟胶就会黏在鸟儿的脚上,鸟儿就飞不走了。
8.夏天的冬青,会开出小小的白花。白花落了,在原来的地方会长出果实。冬青的果实是好看的红莓,冬天,过圣诞节的时候,你就能在圣诞挂饰上看到红莓。③
9.明年圣诞节,一定要找些美丽的冬青枝叶,带着好多红莓。把冬青枝叶挂满房间,往葡萄干布丁里放一颗小红莓吧!④
译 注
①
冬青的英语是holly或者ilex,在西方文化中象征着“永生”。在圣诞节用冬青做装饰,是西方的一个传统习俗。古罗马人有一个节日“农神节”,在这个节日要互送冬青当礼物,后来这个传统被基督教继承了。圣诞节的装饰品,除了冬青,还有彩球(baubles)、一品红(poinsettia)、圣诞花环(wreaths)等。
②
冬青的叶子覆盖着一层角质层,阻止了水分的蒸发,所以冬青到了冬天,用不着让树叶都掉光。而且冬青掉叶子不是一次全掉,而是分批掉的,所以看上去就一直是绿色的了。因为这个特点,西方人非常喜欢冬青,认为它是永生的象征。有一种“大叶冬青”,它的叶子可以做成“苦丁茶”,是中国的传统饮料。
③ 中国的冬青大都当作绿化植物,因为经常修剪,所以花朵很难留下来,也就不常看到果实了。
④
现在一般认为,很多种类的冬青果实有一点儿毒性,不适合人吃,还可能让宠物中毒。出于安全考虑,最好不要让孩子和宠物接近冬青枝叶和红莓。
Lesson 2
THE CANARY BIRD
金丝雀
ca?na??ry be?cause?
hol??low firm??ly guide
per?haps? yel??low
clothed perch builds
cru??el coun??try
cov??ered walk
thir??teen
spar??rows mus??cles
feath??ers ra??ther ca?na??ries
swal??lows bod??ies front
stead??y re?pay?
1. Are you fond of birds? Perhaps you have one at home. It is
very cruel to keep such birds as sparrows or swallows in cages,
because these birds like better to fly about in the open air.
2. But there is a small yellow bird, called the canary, which
we may keep in a cage, if we are kind to it; for, if we let it fly
away, it would soon die in this cold country of ours. It is better
that it should live in a warm house.
3. The canary and other birds have bones and muscles very much
like those in our own bodies. Their bones, however, are hollow and
very light. This makes it easy for them to fly.
4. See how the canary is clothed. It is covered with feathers.
Some of them are long, and these are used for flying. The others
are short, and serve to keep the bird warm.
5. All birds have two legs and two arms; but these arms are
not like ours. We call them wings, and the birds use them for
flying.
6. Look at the canary’s foot. It has one strong toe behind,
and three toes in front. This foot is just the right shape for
holding firmly to the branch or perch on which the canary sits. So
the canary is called a perching bird. It cannot walk as we do, but
it hops or jumps along the ground.
7. What a strong beak the canary has! With its beak it splits
open the seeds on which it feeds. And do you see its bright eyes,
looking like black beads?
8. The canary has rather a long tail, and this tail helps to
steady the bird and to guide it when it flies.
9. The canary builds a little nest of wool, hair, or moss, and
in this nest the mother bird lays her eggs. Then she sits on the
eggs to keep them warm.
10. In thirteen days the young birds come out of the eggs, and
the mother and father feed them many times a day.
11. Why do we keep canaries? It is because they look so pretty
with their yellow and green feathers, but still more because they
have such a sweet song.
12. Keep your canary’s cage clean, and give the bird fresh
water to drink and seed to eat every day. Then it will repay you by
its sweet singing all day long.
SUMMARY
The canary is a small yellow bird that can live only in warm
places. It is a very pretty bird, and has a sweet song. Its bones
are hollow and light. It has two legs and two wings. Its foot is so
made that it can hold on firmly to a branch or a perch. It has a
strong beak, and its long tail helps it in flying.
【中文阅读】
1.小朋友,你喜欢鸟儿吗?你家里可能也养了一只鸟儿吧!把麻雀、燕子一类的鸟儿关在笼子里,是很残忍的,因为这些鸟儿,更喜欢在天上自由自在地飞翔。
2.但是有一种黄色的小鸟,叫做金丝雀(the canary
bird)。这种鸟儿,只要我们好好地对待它,是可以养在笼子里的。因为英国的天气很冷,如果让金丝雀飞走了,它过不了多久就会冻死的。金丝雀最好生活在温暖的屋子里。①
3.金丝雀和别的鸟儿,它们的骨头和肌肉,都跟我们人类的很像。但是鸟儿的骨头,中间是空的,很轻很轻。这样它们就很容易飞起来。
4.看一看金丝雀穿的美丽衣裳,它浑身上下都盖着羽毛。有一些羽毛比较长,是用来飞翔的。另外一些羽毛比较短,是用来保暖的。
5.所有的鸟儿,都有两个后肢,两个前肢。但是鸟儿的前肢,跟我们人类的不一样。我们管鸟儿的前肢叫“翅膀”,鸟儿就是用翅膀来飞翔的。
6.看看金丝雀的脚。它的脚有一个强健的脚趾朝后,三个脚趾朝前。这样的脚,形状很适合紧紧地抓住树枝,或者栖息在金丝雀坐着的地方。所以,我们把金丝雀叫做木栖鸟类(perching
bird)。金丝雀不能像人类一样走路,但是可以在地上,用单脚或者双脚跳。
7.金丝雀的嘴真硬啊!鸟的嘴叫喙(peak)。它就是用喙来啄开谷粒,美餐一顿的。你看见它那两只明亮的眼睛了吗,像小黑珠一样?
8.金丝雀有一条长长的尾巴,帮它保持平衡,在飞翔的时候,尾巴还能帮它导向。
9.金丝雀的鸟巢是用羊毛、头发、苔藓搭起来的,金丝雀妈妈就在这个小巢里下蛋,然后坐在蛋上,给蛋保暖。
10.过了13天,小鸟就破壳而出了!金丝雀爸爸妈妈每天会喂它好几次。②
11.我们为什么要养金丝雀呢?因为金丝雀的羽毛有黄有绿,非常好看。更重要的,是因为它唱歌好听极了!③
12.一定要勤打扫金丝雀的笼子,每天给它喝干净水,吃谷粒,它就能一天到晚为你唱出甜甜的歌!④
译 注
①
金丝雀还有另一个中国名字叫“玉鸟”。现在,经过人们的培育,金丝雀的颜色变得多种多样,有白色、橘红色、古铜色等等。金丝雀需要充分的运动,所以笼子必须宽大,最好用专门的金丝雀笼。
② 金丝雀孵化的时间是不一定的,咱们中国南方的金丝雀需要14?16天,北方如果比较冷,可能需要17?18天。
③ 小金丝雀必须有“老师”教,才能学会好听的鸣叫。“老师”可以是老金丝雀、百灵鸟、大山雀等等。
④ 金丝雀是一种比较娇气的鸟,饲养方法很复杂,读者可以自己查找更详细的资料。
……
评论
还没有评论。