英诗经典名家名译:弗罗斯特诗选(英汉对照)

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《弗罗斯特诗选》结集了美国诗人弗罗斯特**代表性的诗篇，配以著名翻译家、诗人江枫的译文，包括《补墙》、《一条没有走的路》、《雪夜林边》等名篇。其中，《雇工之死》和《仆人们的仆人》被诗人、评论家贾雷尔誉为有史以来*动人也*骇人的戏剧诗，他更没有哪首诗歌比弗罗斯特的《既不深也不远》更明达、更淡漠无情，比《一个老人的冬夜》更怪诞、精妙、更有着无情的清醒，比《要准备啊，要准备》更酷肖实情。
　　“树林中曾经有两条歧路，当初——
　　我选择了其中人迹稀少的一途，这就造成了此后的全部差异。”
　　弗罗斯特的诗歌朴素无华，含义隽永，寓深刻的思考和哲理于平淡无奇的内容和简洁朴实的诗句之中，具有很强的感染力。
　　四次获得普利策诗歌奖的诗人，美国文学史上不可不读的诗人，为肯尼迪就职仪式诵读诗作的非正式桂冠诗人。
　　李肇星作序推荐，传世英诗经典，名家以诗译诗。
　　英国诗歌研究界的泰斗王佐良先生曾说“英国诗歌是西洋文学里的一大精华”。英语诗歌的发展经历早期、中世纪、文艺复兴、启蒙运动、浪漫派、现代派，涌现出大批诗人，留下了许多经典之作。“英诗经典名家名译”系列汇集11位英诗巨匠的传世之作，加之国内译界泰斗传神的译文，为读者奉上一场诗歌的盛宴。
　　英语诗歌分为叙事诗、抒情诗、无韵诗、自由体诗。
　　欣赏英国诗歌时，首先可以了解英国的历史、文化等背景；其次，了解作者生活的年代和环境；再次，对诗歌的内容进行理解和赏析。诗歌内容包括节奏、音韵、体式、文学手法等。
　　欢迎大家试读“英诗经典名家名译”系列并分享交流。

　　《弗罗斯特诗选》结集美国诗人弗罗斯特*代表性的诗篇，配以著名翻译家、诗人江枫的译文，包括《补墙》、《一条没有走的路》、《雪夜林边》等名篇。

　　罗伯特·弗罗斯特（1874—1963)，介乎传统与现代之间的美国诗人，是一位四次获得普利策诗歌奖的诗人。

弗罗斯特，一个现代田园诗人
The Pasture 牧 场
Into My Own 成就自我
My November Guest 我的11月来客
Love and a Question 爱与问题
Storm Fear 暴风雨恐惧
To the Thawing Wind 给解冻的风
A Prayer in Spring 春日祈祷
Flower-Gathering 摘 花
Rose Pogonias 玫瑰朱兰
In Neglect 冷 落
Mowing 割 草
Going for Water 取 水
Revelation 启 示
The Tuft of Flowers 花 丛
October 月
Reluctance 不情愿
Mending Wall 补 墙
The Death of the Hired Man 雇工之死
A Servant to Servants 仆人们的仆人
After Apple-Picking 摘苹果之后
Blueberries 蓝 莓
The Wood-Pile 柴 堆
Good Hours 好时光
The Road Not Taken 一条没有走的路
An Old Man’s Winter Night 老人的冬夜
The Oven Bird 灶 鸫
Bond and Free 约束与自由
Birches 白 桦
Pea Brush 豌豆用树条
The Cow in Apple Time 苹果采收时节的母牛
Loneliness 孤 独
House Fear 房屋恐惧
The Smile 笑 容
The Impulse 冲 动
The Oft-Repeated Dream 一再重复的梦
The Bonfire 篝 火
The Last Word of a Bluebird 一只蓝鸲鸟的留言
Brown’s Descent or The Willy-Nilly Slide 布朗下山：不由自主的滑行
The Sound of Trees 树 声
An Empty Threat 虚空的威胁
I Will Sing You One-O “一”哦，我要为你歌唱
Fire and Ice 火与冰
Nothing Gold Can Stay 美好事物难久留
The Aim Was Song 目的是歌
Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening 雪夜林边
To Earthward 面向大地
Not to Keep 不得久留
The Kitchen Chimney 厨房烟囱
Looking for a Sunset Bird in Winter 冬日黄昏张望飞鸟
Gathering Leaves 收集落叶
The Lockless Door 没有锁的门
The Need of Being Versed in Country Things 必须熟悉乡下事
Cocoon 茧
Devotion 忠 诚
A Passing Glimpse 匆匆一瞥
Acceptance 接 受
A Minor Bird 一只小鸟
The Lovely Shall Be Choosers 漂亮姑娘有权挑
Acquainted with the Night 熟悉黑夜
Sand Dunes 沙 丘
What Fifty Said 五十自述
Two Tramps in Mud Time 泥泞时节两个流浪汉
In Time of Cloudburst 暴雨时节
Departmental 分 工
Leaves Compared with Flowers 叶和花比
Neither Out Far nor In Deep 既不远，也不深
Not Quite Social 有违常规
Provide, Provide 要准备啊，要准备
Precaution 预 防
Not All There 并未完全在场
In Divés’ Dive 赌窟里的赌徒
The Vindictives 复 仇
The Bearer of Evil Tidings 凶讯传送人
The Silken Tent 丝绸帐篷
Come In 请 进
The Subverted Flower 被摧残的花
The Gift Outright 彻底奉献
Our Hold on the Planet 对这颗行星的把握
The Rabbit-Hunter 猎兔人
It Is Almost the Year Two Thousand 几乎已是2000年
A Semi-Revolution 半截革命
Trespass 非法入侵
A Nature Note 一种自然音调
Of the Stones of the Place 那地方的卵石
A Serious Step Lightly Taken 重大的一步轻易迈出
Directive 指 令
Away! 离 去

　　弗罗斯特富有立体感的充满智慧的诗歌，正好暗合了法国画家塞桑所说的：“艺术就是一些真实又具体，并且经过艺术造作的某些东西。”　　
　　——《中华读书报》
　　正因为他长于用具体的事物说抽象的概念，所以他的诗易为读者接受和了解。《雪夜林边》和《一条没有走的路》正是这样的例子。难怪这两首诗一直在受欢迎的一百首英文诗歌里高居前十，前者更是一直都维持在位。
　　——《凤凰网》

Mending Wall
Something there is that doesn’t love a wall,
That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it
And spills the upper boulders in the sun,
And makes gaps even two can pass abreast.
The work of hunters is another thing:
I have come after them and made repair
Where they have left not one stone on a stone,
But they would have the rabbit out of hiding,
To please the yelping dogs. The gaps I mean,
No one has seen them made or heard them made,
But at spring mending-time we find them there.
I let my neighbor know beyond the hill;
And on a day we meet to walk the line
And set the wall between us once again.
We keep the wall between us as we go.
To each the boulders that have fallen to each.
And some are loaves and some so nearly balls
We have to use a spell to make them balance:
”Stay where you are until our backs are turned!”
We wear our fingers rough with handling them.
Oh, just another kind of outdoor game,
One on a side. It comes to little more:
There where it is we do not need the wall:
He is all pine and I am apple orchard.
My apple trees will never get across
And eat the cones under his pines, I tell him.
He only says, ”Good fences make good neighbors.”
Spring is the mischief in me, and I wonder
If I could put a notion in his head:
“Why do they make good neighbors? Isn’t it
Where there are cows? But here there are no cows.
Before I built a wall I’d ask to know
What I was walling in or walling out,
And to whom I was like to give offense.
Something there is that doesn’t love a wall,
That wants it down.” I could say “Elves“ to him,
But it’s not elves exactly, and I’d rather
He said it for himself. I see him there,
Bringing a stone grasped firmly by the top
In each hand, like an old-stone savage armed.
He moves in darkness as it seems to me,
Not of woods only and the shade of trees.
He will not go behind his father’s saying,
And he likes having thought of it so well
He says again, “Good fences make good neighbors.”

补 墙
是有一种什么东西不喜欢墙，
让墙脚下的冻土膨胀、隆起
使垒墙的石块在阳光下坍塌，
造成了可以并排走人的豁口。
行猎者的作为又是另外一种，
我常跟在他们的背后去修补
他们不让石块压石块的处所，
但他们要兔子从藏身处跑出
取悦狂吠的猎狗。那些豁口
形成时，没人看见或是听到，
但是春天修补时已经在那里。
我通知山梁那一边我的邻居，
在约好的日子一同查看边界，
再一次把墙在我们之间砌好，
我们边走边修补我们的墙壁，
落在谁那边的石块由谁处理。
有些是条块，有些圆如球体，
得用点魔法才能使他们坐稳，
“老实呆着吧，直到我们转身！”
搬弄他们，磨得手指头粗糙。
哦，不过是又一种户外运动。
一边一个人，比运动强不了。
砌墙的地方，其实毫无必要
那边是松树，这边是苹果园，
我的苹果树，决不会跑过去，
我说，去吃他松树下的松果。
他只说：好篱笆成全好邻居。
是春天在心里作祟，想知道
能不能够让他明白一点道理
“为什么这样说？这是不是指
养牛人家？可是这里没有牛。”
在我们砌墙之前，倒要请教，
这墙圈进了什么圈出了什么，
我又有可能使得谁家不开心。
是有一种什么东西不喜欢墙，
总要它倒塌。可以说是精灵，
然而，确实不是，我宁愿他
自己说。我眼看着他在那里，
搬动石头，一只手抓紧一块，
就像旧石器时代人手执武器。
我觉得他似乎是在暗中行动，
不完全是由于树木投下阴影，
他不想深究父辈话语的真义，
能想起那句话他就十分欣慰，
又说句：好篱笆成全好邻居。

The Road Not Taken
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that, the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I —
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.

一条没有走的路
金黄色林中有两条路各奔一方，
可惜，我是一个人独自旅行
不能两条都走，我站在岔道上
向其中一条，长时间凝神眺望
直到它弯进灌木丛失去踪影。
然后走上丝毫也不差的另一条，
也许，曾有更好的理由走它，
因为杳无人迹，而且长遍萋草，
虽然经我走后，过往行人的脚，
已践踏得两条道路难分上下。
而在那一天早晨，那两条道路
曾同样覆盖落叶，未经步履，
哦，我曾想留一条以待来日涉足!
如今我懂得了路是怎样连接着路，
已不相信还有可能重新回去。
我将会在很久很久以后的某处，
一声叹息，重把这往事提起。
树林中曾经有两条歧路，当初 —
我选择了其中人迹稀少的一途，
这就造成了此后的全部差异。

An Old Man’s Winter Night
All out-of-doors looked darkly in at him
Through the thin frost, almost in separate stars,
That gathers on the pane in empty rooms.
What kept his eyes from giving back the gaze
Was the lamp tilted near them in his hand.
What kept him from remembering what it was
That brought him to that creaking room was age.
He stood with barrels round him — at a loss.
And having scared the cellar under him
In clomping here, he scared it once again
In clomping off — and scared the outer night,
Which has its sounds, familiar, like the roar
Of trees and crack of branches, common things,
But nothing so like beating on a box.
A light he was to no one but himself
Where now he sat, concerned with he knew what,
A quiet light, and then not even that.
He consigned to the moon — such as she was,
So late-arising — to the broken moon,
As better than the sun in any case
For such a charge, his snow upon the roof,
His icicles along the wall to keep;
And slept. The log that shifted with a jolt
Once in the stove, disturbed him and he shifted,
And eased his heavy breathing, but still slept.
One aged man — one man — can’t keep a house,
A farm, a countryside, or if he can,
It’s thus he does it of a winter night.

老人的冬夜
透过那一间间空旷房间的窗户，
透过凝结着星星般薄霜的玻璃，
户外的一切都在暗中窥望着他。
使他的眼睛无法回头看看的是
他手持靠近双眼的倾斜的灯盏
使他忘记了他为什么来到这间
吱嘎作响的房间的是他的年纪。
他茫然，站立在一些木桶之间，—
走来时沉重的脚步已惊动了他
脚下的地窖，离开的脚步咚咚
声响又一次，使它受到了惊吓 —
也惊了窗外黑夜，夜有自己的
声音，熟悉而且平常，像林涛，
像树枝断裂，像是敲叩木箱。
他是只能照亮他自己的一盏灯。
他现在坐下想他自己知道的事，
寂静的灯，再往后连灯也不是。
他把屋顶积雪墙头的冰柱交给
月亮照管，虽然升起得晚了点，
残缺不全，承担这种委托无论
如何，也比太阳强，然后他便
合眼睡去。炉里一块木头突然
翻落，被惊动的他，翻了个身，
舒出了一口沉重的粗气，但是
他，终于，还是睡着了，一个
上了年纪的人管不了一座房屋，
一个农场、一处乡野，即使能，
也就像他，在冬夜所做的这样。