描述
开 本: 16开纸 张: 胶版纸包 装: 平装是否套装: 否国际标准书号ISBN: 9787564348236丛书名: 高等职业技术教育‘十三五’规划教材—-电力机车类
目 录
篇 机车管理与运用常识
章 机车的管理与运用······································································· 1
节 机车运用管理的组织机构及职责······················································ 2
第二节 机车运用管理············································································· 7
第三节 机车交路及机车运转制································································ 11
第四节 机车乘务组与乘务制度································································ 14
第五节 机车周转图·············································································· 18
第六节 机务段配属机车台数、检修率的计算··············································· 25
第七节 电力机车整备作业······································································ 27
本章小结···························································································· 29
复习思考题························································································· 30
第二章 机车运用指标··········································································· 31
节 机车运用数量指标······································································ 31
第二节 机车运用质量指标······································································ 33
第三节 机车运用分析··········································································· 40
本章小结···························································································· 45
复习思考题························································································· 45
第二篇 铁路行车规章
第三章 铁路行车信号··········································································· 47
节 铁路行车信号的基本要求····························································· 47
第二节 固定信号················································································· 51
第三节 机车信号················································································· 71
第四节 移动信号················································································· 76
第五节 手 信 号················································································· 79
第六节 信号表示器及信号标志································································ 90
第七节 听觉信号················································································ 109
本章小结··························································································· 111
复习思考题························································································ 111
第四章 编组列车················································································ 113
节 编组列车的基本要求·································································· 113
第二节 列车中机车的编挂及单机挂车······················································· 115
第三节 列车中车辆的编挂与连挂···························································· 118
第四节 列尾装置的摘挂及运用······························································· 121
第五节 列车中“关门车”的编挂································································ 122
本章小结··························································································· 123
复习思考题························································································ 124
第五章 行车闭塞法············································································· 125
节 概 述·················································································· 125
第二节 自动闭塞················································································ 127
第三节 自动站间闭塞·········································································· 129
第四节 半自动闭塞············································································· 129
第五节 电话闭塞················································································ 130
本章小结··························································································· 133
复习思考题························································································ 133
第六章 列车运行················································································ 134
节 列车运行的基本要求·································································· 134
第二节 列车在区间被迫停车的处理与防护················································· 138
第三节 列车的分部运行与退行······························································· 141
第四节 救援列车与路用列车的开行························································· 142
第五节 列车发生非正常情况的应急处理···················································· 145
第六节 列车在区间发生伤亡事故的处理···················································· 149
本章小结··························································································· 150
复习思考题························································································ 150
第三篇 机车乘务作业及铁路安全生产
第七章 电力机车乘务员一次乘务作业过程················································· 152
节 出勤与接车············································································· 153
第二节 出段与挂车············································································· 158
第三节 发车准备与发车······································································· 159
第四节 途中运行················································································ 160
第五节 调车作业················································································ 167
第六节 终点站与退勤作业···································································· 169
第七节 机车乘务员呼唤应答标准···························································· 171
第八节 行车安全装备·········································································· 182
本章小结··························································································· 199
复习思考题························································································ 200
第八章 电力机车检查与保养·································································· 201
节 电力机车检查基本知识······························································· 201
第二节 电力机车的静止检查·································································· 204
第三节 SS4G型电力机车检查································································ 207
第四节 HXD3型电力机车检查及给油作业················································· 221
第五节 电力机车乘务员自检自修···························································· 235
第六节 HXD3型电力机车主要部件的保养················································· 238
第七节 电力机车故障应急处理······························································· 243
本章小结··························································································· 254
复习思考题························································································ 255
第九章 铁路安全生产·········································································· 256
节 电力机车乘务员安全生产···························································· 256
第二节 中国铁路行车安全体系······························································· 260
第三节 铁路行车事故·········································································· 263
第四节 铁路行车事故的通报与救援························································· 266
本章小结··························································································· 271
复习思考题························································································ 272
附 录
附录1 运行揭示（格式及范例）····························································· 273
附录2 SS4G型电力机车高、低压试验程序················································ 275
附录3 HXD3型电力机车高、低压试验程序··············································· 282
附录4 重联机车制动机手柄位置处理表···················································· 287
附录5 添乘指导簿·············································································· 288
附录6 司机报单及其填写····································································· 289
参考文献··························································································· 292
前 言
本书是高职铁道机车专业电力机车乘务作业课程的教材，共分为机车管理与运用常识、铁路行车规章、机车乘务作业及铁路安全生产3篇，共9章，每章除了主要内容外，后面附有本章小结、复习思考题，与教材内容和实际工作紧密结合。本书在提升铁道机车专业学生专业能力，提高机车运用管理干部的工作水平和技术人员、检修人员、机车乘务员的素质和业务水平，加强机车运用管理、安全基础管理，充分利用机车管理和调度指挥技术装备，提高机车运用效率，适应铁路运输组织发展，提高机车乘务人员的安全行车意识，加强对行车规章的学习，强化岗位技能的培训方面，有着积极的作用。
一、本教材内容编排情况
本书内容包括机车的管理与运用、机车运用指标、铁路行车信号、编组列车、行车闭塞法、列车运行、电力机车乘务员一次乘务作业过程、电力机车检查与保养、铁路安全生产等。
（1）机车的管理与运用常识篇，主要内容和依据是中国铁路总公司修订实施的《铁路机车运用管理规则》、原铁道部2009年修订实施的《铁路机车统计规则》，具体内容包括：机车的管理与运用和机车运用指标2章。铁路机车的运用管理、运用指标的统计分析等知识，是必须掌握的基本知识，熟练掌握这些知识，可为以后的职业岗位提升和继续教育打下坚实的基础。
（2）铁路行车规章篇，包含了机务部门行车工作要掌握的基本知识。主要以中国铁路总公司2014年11月1日起实施的《铁路技术管理规程》（普速铁路部分）为依据，共分为铁路行车信号、编组列车、行车闭塞法和列车运行4章。内容包括铁路行车信号的显示方式辨认及行车条件的确认、列车编组的技术要求和注意事项以及列车正常和非正常情况下的运行、列车的防护等知识，是培养学生安全行车意识所必需的核心知识，也是学生必须遵守的行车规定。
（3）机车乘务作业及铁路安全生产篇，由电力机车乘务员一次乘务作业过程、电力机车检查与保养、铁路安全生产3章组成，主要内容和依据是《铁路机车操作规则》《铁路行车事故处理规则》《铁路行车事故救援规则》等。作为机车乘务员，应该按照标准化作业程序对机车进行检查、乘务作业、保养，并能够熟练掌握LKJ2000列车运行监控记录装置、列车尾部安全监控装置、机车综合无线通信设备CIR等行车安全装备的使用方法，同时还应该掌握铁路行车安全、岗位作业安全以及人身安全的相关要求，熟悉铁路行车事故的分类、通报以及救援工作流程，从思想上树立安全意识，不违反安全规则，防止行车事故的发生。这些都是作为铁道机车专业的学生必须掌握的核心知识和重要技能，以适应以后的岗位需要。
二、使用教材的建议
由于学生没有实际工作经验、缺乏现场知识，在使用本教材时，不能照本宣科。教师应结合现场实际情况和自身教学经验，根据本专业的多媒体设备和实验实训设备条件，发挥自身创造性，生动活泼地开展课堂教学。具体教学中，可以根据课程改革方案不同，将铁路行车规章、运用管理知识、电力机车乘务作业等内容按照模块项目分开学习，也可以按照使用时机和特点按照基于工作过程的课程设计将行车规章、运用管理知识纳入到电力机车乘务作业的每一个工作任务中去学习理解。
1. 熟练掌握规章
本教材设计的各类规章比较多，在教学活动中，要着重培养学生的安全行车意识，强调养成“写标准语、说标准话、干标准活”的良好习惯。重点引导学生理解和掌握与行车有关的各类规章的内容，拓宽学生对行车工作的认识。
2. 用好案例分析
本教材的内容大部分是规章条文，平淡无奇。如果照本宣科、死记硬背，课堂就会死气沉沉、枯燥无味，老师很难教，学生不想学。所以，在教学中，应该多方搜集和利用实际工作案例，在分析案例的过程中帮助学生理解掌握有关规章的内容。利用好多媒体设备，图文影像并茂，生动有趣，提高学生学习的兴趣和效果。
3. 理实结合，提高技能
本课程虽然理论性强，但是对实践技能的要求也很高，是一门实践性很强的课程。在教和学的过程中，教师要多示范，多演示，充分利用实验实训设备，让学生多练、多做、多动手，以达到提高学生实践技能的教学目标。
4. 加强课程横向联系，综合运用专业知识
机车乘务作业及铁路安全生产部分的内容，实践性非常强，知识综合性强，并涉及本专业其他课程的知识和技能。所以，在该篇的教学过程中，要加强与其他课程的联系，培养学生横向思维和发散思维能力，提高学生综合应用专业知识和技能的能力。
本书由西安铁路职业技术学院李冰毅任主编，武汉铁路局周家春任主审。其中章、第二章由王博编写，第三章、第四章由朱亚男编写，第五章、附录2、附录3由上海铁路局王蓝春编写，第六章、第七章、第八章（到第四节）以及附录由李冰毅编写。第八章第五、六、七节由西安铁路局王委斌编写，第九章、附录1、附录4、附录5、附录6由王安明编写。
本书虽然经过编写人员多次讨论修改，并参考了很多相关规章、书籍和资料，但由于编者水平所限，书中难免有疏漏和不足之处，恳请读者批评指正。
编 者
2016年5月
二、各级机车运用组织机构的职责
（一）中国铁路总公司（以下简称总公司）职责
（1）负责国家铁路机车运用管理，制定机车运用安全管理、机车乘务员管理等有关规章制度和技术标准。
（2）负责规划、调整总公司机车配属，实行集中配置，统一机型，衔接干、支线。追求资产配置效率和效益化，淘汰落后产能，加快升级换代，满足总公司运输计划需要，适应生产力布局调整。
（3）按照“机车长交路、乘务区段化”原则，规划和审核跨铁路局机车和乘务交路及有关技术标准。参加列车运行图编制，负责组织机车周转图编制。
（4）制定机车运用、安全管理等人员培训规划，并组织实施。组织开展职业技能竞赛。
（5）负责跨铁路局机车调度指挥，确保机车供应，提高机车运用效率；综合评价和考核铁路局机车运用工作。
（6）参与或组织有关事故调查分析及措施制定。
（7）规划国家铁路救援列车布局，指导救援列车专业管理工作。
（8）组织安全生产管理督导检查，开展安全生产规范化、标准化创建工作。
（二）铁路局职责
（1）全面负责本局机车运用、安全管理等工作。贯彻执行总公司有关机车运用、安全管理等方面的规章制度，制定相关办法、作业标准及实施细则，并组织实施。
（2）负责根据承担的跨铁路局机车长交路和管内运输任务变化，结合机车检备率提出机车购置和调整建议，确定管内机务段的机车配置及调拨。综合分析机车运用情况，考核管内机车运用工作，提高机车运用效率。
（3）负责确定管内机车交路、乘务交路、乘务制度，组织查定牵引定数、运行时分、自外段技术作业时分、折返时分等技术标准；参加编制列车运行图、机车周转图并组织实施；指导编制列车操纵示意图。负责对铁路局机车调度进行专业指导。
（4）负责机车乘务员管理。根据图定担当任务及运输发展需求，在满足机车乘务员培训率和预备率，严格执行国家工作时间和休假有关规定的基础上，制定机车乘务员配备计划；组织机车乘务员培训、考核和鉴定。开展职业技能竞赛。
（5）参与或组织有关事故、设备故障分析及措施制定。
（6）负责全局救援列车管理。
（7）定期组织开展安全生产监督检查及评比活动，开展安全生产规范化、标准化创建工作。
（三）机务段职责
1. 机务段的职责
（1）贯彻执行总公司、铁路局有关机车运用、安全管理等方面的规章制度、管理办法、作业标准及实施细则，制定实施措施并组织落实，提供满足需求的机车和机车乘务员，安全、优质、高效地完成运输生产任务。
（2）按照逐级负责、岗位负责、分工负责、专业负责的要求，实行机务段、运用车间、运用车队、乘务指导组（班组）四级管理模式。
（3）坚持机车运用集中配置、统一管理，推行地乘分离，减少机车乘务员辅助作业时间，实行专业整备管理模式，完善机车整备设备设施，提高机车运用效率、机车乘务员劳动生产率及机车保养质量。定期分析机车运用工作，提出改进建议。
（4）负责机车乘务员管理和日常培训，加大科技投入，完善教育设施，应用机车驾驶模拟装置、实物教学、网络教学等培训手段，努力提高机车乘务员的技术业务水平和操纵技能。组织编制作业指导书及列车操纵示意图、操纵提示卡。
（5）负责事故、设备故障分析及制定防范措施；负责本段救援列车日常管理及现场救援指挥。
（6）改善职工生产、生活条件，开展职工健身活动，提高机车乘务员身体素质。定期组织机车乘务员进行体检。
（7）积极推行管理和技术创新，开展企业文化建设，并在实践中不断总结，巩固和提高机车运用、安全管理基础。
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